yacht anchor shots

What does 2 shots mean when dropping an anchor?

• Introduction
• What is a ‘shot’ when dropping an anchor?
• How long is a ‘shot’?
• Different types of anchors and their uses
• Why is it important to drop the right amount of ‘shots’ for the size of the boat?
• The importance of anchoring in different weather and sea conditions
• How to calculate the number of ‘shots’ needed for different boats and conditions
• The different methods for dropping an anchor
• Tips for anchoring safely and securely

Dropping Anchor: Understanding Shots and Anchoring Safety

Anchoring safety is essential when sailing, and understanding how to drop the right amount of anchor chain (also known as shots) is key to making sure your boat is secure in any weather or sea condition you may encounter while out at sea. Whether you are a seasoned sailor or just starting out, understanding shots, anchors, and how to calculate the right amount of chain needed in different situations can be critical for your safety as well as your boat’s security while anchored. In this article, we will look at what a shot is when dropping an anchor, the different types of anchors available and their uses, why it’s important to drop the right amount of shots for the size of your boat, the importance of anchoring in different weather and sea conditions, how to calculate the number of shots needed for different boats and conditions, the different methods for dropping an anchor, tips for anchoring safely and securely, and a conclusion with references.

What is a ‘Shot’ When Dropping an Anchor?

When dropping an anchor from a boat, a shot refers to 15 fathoms or 90 feet (six feet per fathom) of chain that has been let out from its housing on board the vessel onto which it will be attached ( windlass ). A shot consists of two strands connected by two links called shackles; one shackle attaches each strand to the windlass while the other shackle attaches them together at their midpoint forming one continuous chain with two strands (also known as scope ). A shank attaches itself to one end of this chain which will then hold onto an anchor (or anchors). This configuration allows for greater strength when anchoring due to its flexibility.

## How Long Is A ‘Shot’? As mentioned before, each shot consists of 15 fathoms or 90 feet (6 feet per fathom) meaning that if you use 5 shots then you would have let out 450 feet (5×90) worth of chain from your windlass onto which you have attached anchors at either end.. When letting out shots it is important to pay attention to how much chain you are letting out so that you don’t let out too much or too little in relation to the size and weight of your vessel so that it will stay secured in any given situation; this calculation will be discussed later on in this article..

## Different Types Of Anchors And Their Uses There are several types of anchors available on the market today such as plough anchors, claw anchors, Fisherman’s anchors, Navy Stockless anchors etc.. Each type has its own unique design which makes them suitable for particular sea beds such as mud or sand depending on what type anchor you choose.. Plough anchors are most commonly used because they are strong enough for most sea beds yet light enough not to put too much strain on your vessel when it comes time to raise them back up from where they have been dropped.. Claw or Fisherman’s anchors can also be used but they tend to be more suitable in areas where there might be more weed growth as these types are designed with teeth-like parts that grab onto weeds better than ploughs do.. Navy Stockless anchors tend only be used by larger vessels such as navy ships because they are heavier than other types yet provide more holding power due to their greater weight..

## Why Is It Important To Drop The Right Amount Of ‘Shots’ For The Size Of The Boat? It is essential that when anchoring your boat, you let out enough chain so that it can reach its required depth whilst also providing enough holding power so that it won’t drag if there are strong winds or currents present.. This means that if you have a larger vessel then you will need more chain than if you had a smaller one since larger vessels require deeper depths in order for them not get dragged away by any strong currents present.. It is also important not to let out too much or too little chain since either situation could lead to disaster if not calculated correctly; this calculation will be discussed later on in this article..

## The Importance Of Anchoring In Different Weather And Sea Conditions Anchoring safely not only depends on having enough chain but also being able to choose appropriate locations depending on weather and sea conditions present at any given time.. If there are strong winds present then it can be detrimental if there isn’t enough chain let out since this could cause your vessel drag with no way holding it back due to lack depth.. Similarly if there are high waves present then choosing locations that provide some sort protection such as bays or coves can help reduce movement significantly so that your vessel remains secure even under these harsher conditions.. It’s always better safe than sorry when sailing so making sure all these factors have been taken into account before dropping anchor can make all difference between having successful voyage versus ending up stranded somewhere far away from shore!

## How To Calculate The Number Of ‘Shots’ Needed For Different Boats And Conditions Calculating how many shots need depends mainly upon two factors: 1) size/weight/drag factor; 2) water depth/currents/weather/waves factor… For size/weight/drag factor: Estimate how many pounds per foot drag force your boat has based on its size plus contents onboard – multiply by 4-5 times depending upon current strength – divide by 6-7 times depending upon wave height – this gives number x which represents number shots needed For water depth/currents/weather/waves factor: Using nautical charts identify water depths at various points – estimate strength & direction currents based upon chart information & local knowledge – factor in wave height & direction – multiply x times by 8-10 times depending upon wave height & current strength – This gives number y which represents additional number shots needed Finally add x + y together = total number shots needed

## The Different Methods For Dropping An Anchor There are several methods available when dropping an anchor such as free fall method where entire length of chain drops into water at once; controlled descent method where gradual lengths dropped until desired depth achieved; tandem drop method where two chains dropped simultaneously reaching same destination; snubber line drop method where snubber line attached between windlass & stern allowing controlled descent without need for operator assistance; finally there is fixed deployment point method where fixed point set along length allowing specific depths reached without need operator assistance… Each method has its own pros & cons so choosing right one depends upon individual circumstances such as water depth available & type bottom surface etc…

## Tips For Anchoring Safely And Securely Anchoring safely requires taking into account several factors such as size/weight/drag force; water depths; currents; wave heights & directions etc… It’s also important consider type bottom surface since some surfaces require specific type anchor order achieve best results… Lastly keep close eye on weather changes since sudden shifts can affect holding power even best laid plans… Make sure always check condition windlass before use since worn parts can lead problems down road… Taking all above factors into account before setting sails key ensuring secure anchorage regardless situation…

## Conclusion Anchoring safely requires understanding what a shot means when dropping an anchor – 15 fathoms or 90 feet – plus taking into consideration other factors such size/weight/drag forces; water depths; currents; wave heights & directions etc… There several types anchors available each suited particular job while understanding correct lengthchain needed relation sizeboat essential ensuring secure anchorage regardless situation… Being prepared helps ensure safe voyage everytime!

## References Sail Magazine – What Does 2 Shots Mean? – Retrieved Apr 3rd 2012 From http://www.sailmagazine.com/cruising-and-liveaboard-lifestyle/what-does-2-shots-mean Sailing Yacht Charter – Anchors – Retrieved Apr 3rd 2012 From http://www.sailingyachtcharteringreeceyachtinggreecegreekislandsmykonosparoscycladesIonianSeaAegeanSeaMediterraneanSeacruisinggreeceislandhoppingyachtinggreeceyachtingholidaysyachtrentalsailingcourseflotillaGreekIslandsSantorinicycladesGreeksailmagazinefishingdivingboatshippingfishingboatsalpacasailingvacationseasidevacations

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How To Mark & Measure Anchor Chain & Rode (3 Ways)

A well-set anchor means a good night sleep, and to set an anchor well you need to know how much scope you've got out. How can you know how much chain you have out? You need to mark the chain so you know.

How can you mark and measure your chain? The best way is with chain markers or paint, using a marking system to tell you at a glance how much you have set. In our experience, cable ties are a poor way to mark anchor chain. When using a mechanical chain counter system, be sure to mark your chain as a backup.

If done right, you can tell at a glance how much chain you have out as long as a mark is visible. Below I'll go over the pros and cons of each method. I'll also explore the different marking systems you could use.

On this page:

Physical marks on the chain, marking schemes, doing the marking.

The challenge of marking a chain is putting marks on that stay put from season to season. If you spend hundreds of nights per year at anchor like we do, any marks will take a beating but even casual summer anchoring can make them harder to read.

Visibility of the marks in a variety of conditions is an important consideration as you figure out how to do this. Not all anchoring is done at high noon in crystal clear water. If you're pulling the hook at night or setting after a late arrival you'll want to make sure you can read them in the dark.

Chain Markers

We've had our best success with chain markers - specifically the "Chain Rainbow" markers from Osculati (Imtra has a similar product). They are sized to fit tightly inside chain links and do not foul the gypsy on your windlass. They come in an assortment of colors useful in a marking scheme. In seven years of anchoring out almost nightly, we've lost one that we're aware of. The only trouble we've had is with discoloration, in particular with the white markers which quickly turn dark and blend with the chain.

You can get the Chain Rainbow at Amazon here (click for current price ).

Other physical markers include plastic strips with numbers on them. Some have used strips of spinnaker cloth tied in the links. The key to any of these is that they don't catch in the gypsy as the chain moves. Catching will rip the markers off or worse, jam the windlass. These are better options for rope/chain hybrid rodes, as the strips can be woven into the three strand line.

Paint is a popular method, though it is more prone to wear and will typically require refreshing as frequently as every season, depending on how often you anchor and where.

Several types of paints can work, with spray paint being the quickest and cheapest but also the least durable. For better results, try an epoxy-based metal paint or something thicker you can apply with a brush. Also consider using a primer on a clean metal surface.

Surface preparation is key no matter which paint you choose. New, bright galvanized chain adheres best, but even then a pre-application of vinegar to lightly etch the coating, or a light sanding will improve adherence. Older chain should be cleaned with a wire brush or lightly sanded to remove surface oxidation and buildup before applying paint.

Cable ties have been a popular recommendation, but they deserve their own paragraph since they are such a poor choice.

We've tried them, and they do not stay on well. Our first plan was to paint, then put matching wire ties on the paint spots in case the paint wore off. But every single wire tie broke off long before the paint became hard to read.

If you take care to turn the connector of every cable tie inside the link you may get more wear from them, but they still abrade when run through a gypsy and will fall off in time. In our experience, they barely last a single season - an experiment we didn't repeat.

And when they come off you've added another bit of plastic waste to the ocean. So while you can mark a chain with cable ties and it's quick and easy, you're better off taking more time to do the job so it lasts.

Chain counters

Chain counters are mechnical devices which count the links in your chain as they pass the windlass. They don't mark the chain, but they can provide a reliable measurement of how much chain is out. Marking as a backup is still a good idea.

Marks only matter if they give useful information, so thought needs to go into how you will mark the chain in a way that makes reading it easy and reliable. No matter what you choose, make sure that there's a very visible mark well before the end of the chain so you don't accidentally let it all out!

Single Color Markings

The simplest system is to put a single mark at a set distance (twenty-five feet, ten meters, etc.). As you lower the chain count the marks as they pass. The downsides to this are that if you lose count you're in trouble, and you can't tell from looking at any one mark how much more chain is still let out.

Adding multiple marks at each measurement unit can help with this, since you can count the marks as they pass. But this is still prone to errors, as you can miscount hash marks as your chain rattles past. More marks get harder to count as they take up more space on the chain and more time to read.

The major advantage to single color markings is simplicity and cost - you only need one can of paint. But it is not the most effective method.

More Complex Color Schemes

An ideal marking and measuring scheme will allow you to tell exactly how much chain is out by seeing only one set of marks. There's no counting, and you don't have to remember how much you put out. You can just look, even sitting at anchor.

Our System - "Poker Chips"

Since we're American, we mark our chain in feet out of habit. We use the aforementioned chain markers and paint when we can.

Poker players are familiar with the white/red/blue system of using chips to denote units of cash. Instead of nickel/dime/quarter (or $1.00/$5.00/$20.00 for you big spenders!), we use 25ft/50ft/100ft with the marks, working from a base measurement unit of 25 feet. After a year or two of use, we learned that the white (and yellow) markers discolor so we replaced the white with bright green.

• Green (white)= 25 feet
• Red = 50 feet
• Blue = 100 feet

This allows us to designate every distance from 25 feet to 175 feet with just three markings, and up to our limit of 325 feet with no more than four marks.

Chain is always marked in white/red/blue order, though it doesn't really matter since a color won't repeat until you get past 200 feet. Just add up the markings to get the number. For example:

• Green-Blue = 125 feet (25+100)
• Red-Blue = 150 feet (50+100)
• Green-Red-Blue-Blue = 275 feet (25+50+100+100)

And so on. One look at any mark shows you exactly where you are on the chain, no guessing.

Other systems

Our system works for us, but there are many approaches you can take. If you use meters or fathoms instead of feet your job is a little simpler since you're counting whole units instead of adding feet, but any system that lets you use fewer marks that are easy to recognize and interpret will work. You don't want something so complex you have to carry a laminated card up to the bow with you, it should be easy to remember and use.

Part of what you choose will also depend on how much detail you want on your depth. For us, twenty-five feet is close enough for comfort. Some are fine with fifty foot intervals or more, some want markings every ten feet.

Marking the chain has always been more work than we expected. Chain is heavy , and it drags on things and is hard to pull across a flat surface - it's doing its job, right? You'll need space to work, either a dock or parking lot. Even new chain coming from a barrel takes a bit of labor because you've got to stretch it out.

We've found it's easiest to do when the boat is out of the water, but that's not always possible if you live at anchor.

Start by measuring out your "unit" (25 feet, ten meters, five fathoms, etc.) on your workspace and marking it on each end on the ground. If you're painting, spread out boxes or papers at each mark to protect the surface.

Then pull out the chain, putting the anchor at the first mark then stretching it out straight between the marks, turning it at each mark to measure each "unit" while flaking the chain back and forth on the work surface.

Make sure the chain dries completely if you’ve used it recently, then make your surface preparations. Then you're ready to mark - paint first, then insert your markers if you're using them. A little water helps work them into the links.

When marking, don't be afraid to make the marks big. You'll be looking at them from a distance, and in dark or overcast conditions. When painting, we cover at least 4-5 links with each mark.

We also apply four chain markers at each mark, in case one falls out and because links connect to each other at right angles. Looking at a link edge-on, you can't see a marker inside the link so a second marker in an offset link guarantees visibility no matter which way the chain is oriented to you.

Holy advertisements. I gave up on trying to read the article because the ads kept getting in the way. Every time I tried to close one, I had to re-adjust the zoom on my screen and find where I left off again. Just letting you know

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Boat Anchoring Tips and Techniques

• By Joe Friedman
• Updated: February 20, 2020

There’s a big difference between tossing a “lunch hook” over the side for a quick dip and securing a boat anchor for an overnight stay. What is the proper technique for anchoring? Whole books have been written about proper boat anchoring, and it gets a complete chapter in Chapman Piloting & Seamanship, the venerable guide to small-boat handling. Figuring out boat anchoring is one of the first things you learn in seamanship . Here’s a quick rundown on some solid, basic boat anchoring tips and techniques.

10 Tips Explaining How to Set an Anchor

1. Use Your Engine to Help When Anchoring

The proper technique for anchoring starts with easing the throttle so that the boat is basically standing still at the point where you want the anchor to drop. Let it go, sneak back under power, and slowly pay out the line.

2. Scope Out When Anchoring

You’ll need to know about how much scope to use, since this will affect where the boat will lie once the hook is stuck. Experience and local knowledge of the bottom are the best teachers, but plan on about an 8-to-1 ratio of scope to water depth. Meaning, in 10 feet of water with a 4-foot height to bow from the water, you stream out 122 feet of rode. With more chain and an oversize boat anchor, you may be able to ride reliably to a 4-to-1 scope, whereas poorly holding bottom and/or strong wind and/or strong current may require a 10-to-1 scope. In some cases, tech gadgets can help you set the boat anchor.

3. Head into Current When Anchoring

At dead-slow speed, head the boat up into the wind or current, beyond the spot where you want the boat to lie, at a distance equal to your estimated scope. Come to a stop. In rough conditions , it can pay to drift back without dropping the boat anchor first, so that you can see where the boat will end up when you do deploy the hook.

4. Use Enough Rode When Anchoring

When enough rode is out to equal the desired scope, snub up on the cleat. Allow the stretch to come out of the line and see if you are holding. A shot of reverse gear can often help set the anchor hook but, if done prematurely, can cause the boat anchor to skate across the bottom without catching.

5. Make Sure Your Anchor Holds After Anchoring

With the hook set, cleat it off securely and run the rode through chocks to ensure that navigation lights and other deck equipment don’t get “swept” by the rode as the boat swings on the line. Line up with two landmarks, or use your radar, GPS or depth sounder to monitor your position and ensure that you are not dragging the anchor.

6. Know the Bottom Structure When Anchoring

Your chart or plotter will generally show what to expect, but pockets of the unexpected do occasionally show up in an otherwise defined bottom to make life exciting. The most common bottoms are sand, mud, clay and grass (or weed). Most of the popular anchor styles (Danforth, CQR, Delta, Spade, Bruce, Rocna) are considered to be workable for all of these conditions. That said, plow anchors — like a CQR or Delta — hold best on a rocky bottom, a Danforth holds best in mud, and heavier anchors hold best in grass.

7. What is the Best Anchor Size When Anchoring

The boat anchor should be correctly sized for your boat. For instance, a typical 32-foot medium displacement boat could put out a 25-pound CQR or a 22-pound Delta and be comfortable in 30 knots of wind. A 12-pound Hi-Tensile Danforth is another option. One size up would be nice, especially if you have a power windlass to do all the work. Check the anchor manufacturer’s guide for your boat’s length, displacement and hull type .

8. Rope or Chain When Anchoring

A properly sized all-nylon rode, either twisted or braided, is fine for light-duty anchoring. More common would be to add 6 to 8 feet of chain between the anchor shank and the rode. But for overnighting or extended anchoring, a one-half boat length’s worth of chain is a good rule of thumb to help an anchor’s holding power. The chain will aid in setting the anchor and keeping it set by lowering the angle of pull, thus helping to absorb the shock of a tossing boat due to wind or sea conditions and reducing chafe due to rocky or shelly bottom.

9. Be Courteous of Other Boaters When Anchoring

If you’re the first or only boat in the anchorage, you’ve got priority. Otherwise, choose your spot carefully so as to allow enough swinging room to stay clear of the others and show your anchoring etiquette . Remember that big boats swing slower and tend to have a bigger arc than smaller ones. Boats with a lot of windage (big canvas enclosures, large cabins, high freeboard and almost all sailboats) will swing faster in high winds.

10. Check reference Points When Anchoring

Be sure to continue to check reference points, and watch to see that your position doesn’t change. Set the boat anchor alarm on your GPS, if yours has one, to alert you if something changes while you’re asleep or occupied. Then break out the sandwiches and enjoy the view.

11. The Windlass is Not a Cleat

The techniques in boat anchoring are the same, with or without a windlass. Keep in mind that a windlass is not a cleat and shouldn’t take the load of your boat under anchor. Neither is it the raw muscle to pull the anchor. Instead, take up the slack as you slowly motor forward to break the anchor free. Secure anchors hauled with windlasses with a trace of line or a chain stop.

• More: anchoring , How-To , Seamanship

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How To Operate A Yachts Anchoring System

SUPERYACHT BASICS

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One of the fundamental skills a deckhand or a crew member will need to know is how to drop and anchor and how to retrieve an anchor. These large yacht have heavy duty windlass anchor systems, and learning how they operate is key to your safety, to not damaging them and to safely securing the vessel to anchor.

The below video will go into great detail the common anchoring systems and protocols for dropping anchor.

How to drop anchor on a yacht, Superyacht Crew basics.

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• Anchoring for boats: A comprehensive guide

If you're setting sail on a boat, understanding the ins and outs of anchoring is crucial. Anchors play a pivotal role in keeping your vessel secure, whether you're in a tranquil harbor or facing challenging seas. In this comprehensive guide, we'll delve into all things related to boat anchors, from types and techniques to essential tips for safe anchoring.

Types of boat anchors

When it comes to boat anchors, various types are available, each designed for specific conditions and seabeds. Let's explore some common types:

1. Danforth anchor

The Danforth anchor, also known as the fluke anchor, is revered for its exceptional holding power, particularly in soft and sandy seabeds. Its design, characterised by sharp triangular flukes, facilitates deep penetration into the substrate, ensuring reliable anchorage even in calm waters with minimal tidal movement. This anchor's effectiveness is further enhanced by its lightweight construction, making it a preferred choice for smaller vessels and recreational boating activities. Additionally, the Danforth anchor's collapsible design enables easy storage and deployment, adding to its practicality and versatility on board.

2. Plow anchor

Plow anchors, represented by renowned designs such as the CQR (Coastal Quick Release) and Delta, are renowned for their versatility and rapid setting capabilities across diverse seabed conditions. Featuring a single large fluke resembling a plough, these anchors excel in gripping various substrates, including sand, mud, and gravel, making them favoured choices for boaters navigating different coastal environments. The CQR's innovative hinge mechanism allows it to pivot and self-align with changes in the seabed, ensuring optimal holding power even in shifting conditions. Similarly, the Delta anchor's robust construction and sharp tip enable it to penetrate and set quickly, providing reliable anchorage for vessels of various sizes.

3. Claw anchor

Claw anchors, epitomised by designs like the Bruce and Lewmar models, are specially engineered to conquer challenging seabeds characterised by rocks, weeds, or debris. Their unique configuration, featuring multiple curved flukes resembling claws, allows them to penetrate and grip uneven or obstructed surfaces effectively. This attribute makes claw anchors indispensable for boaters exploring rocky coastlines, shallow reefs, or areas prone to seaweed entanglement. The Bruce anchor, in particular, is celebrated for its exceptional holding power and reliability, making it a preferred choice for offshore cruising and long-term anchoring. Similarly, Lewmar's claw anchors are revered for their durability and performance in demanding marine environments, offering peace of mind to sailors and adventurers alike.

4. Mushroom anchor

Mushroom anchors are compact, weighted anchors ideally suited for lightweight boats, canoes, or small watercraft. Their design features a wide, flat bottom resembling a mushroom cap, which sinks into the seabed to provide stability and secure holding in calm conditions. While not suitable for anchoring in high winds or strong currents, mushroom anchors offer a practical solution for temporary mooring or securing vessels in sheltered waters. Their simplicity and ease of use make them popular choices for recreational boating activities, where lightweight and portable anchoring options are preferred. Additionally, mushroom anchors are less likely to damage delicate substrates or cause environmental disturbances, making them environmentally friendly alternatives for anchoring in sensitive marine ecosystems.

Anchoring techniques

Proper anchoring involves more than just dropping an anchor into the water. Here are essential techniques to master:

1. Setting the anchor

Setting the anchor involves a careful process to ensure a secure hold. Begin by lowering the anchor to the seabed slowly while allowing the boat to drift back with the wind or current. This gradual descent facilitates proper embedding of the anchor into the seabed substrate. As you lower the anchor, pay out enough anchor rode (chain or line) to create a scope ratio of 7:1, providing optimal holding power. A sufficient scope allows the anchor to set more effectively and reduces the risk of dragging or dislodging in changing conditions.

2. Setting the hook

Once the anchor reaches the seabed, it's crucial to set the hook firmly for maximum holding power. Apply reverse throttle to the engine, gently pulling the boat back against the anchor. You'll know the anchor is properly set when you feel resistance and observe the boat pulling back while the anchor holds firm. This resistance indicates that the anchor has dug into the seabed and established a secure grip, ensuring stability even in challenging conditions.

3. Monitoring swing radius

Maintaining awareness of your boat's swing radius is essential to prevent collisions with other vessels or obstacles while at anchor. Continuously monitor your surroundings and the movement of your boat in response to wind, current, and tide. Use fixed landmarks onshore or GPS systems to track your position relative to your anchor point. By monitoring your swing radius, you can proactively adjust your position if necessary to avoid potential hazards and ensure safe anchorage throughout your stay.

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Essential anchoring tips

1. weather awareness.

Remain constantly vigilant and attuned to weather changes, as they can significantly impact the safety and security of your vessel. Be particularly mindful of forecasts predicting strong winds or storms, as these conditions can pose serious risks to anchored vessels. Ensure that your anchor is adequately secured and prepared to withstand the anticipated weather conditions. Regularly check weather updates and take proactive measures to safeguard your vessel and crew.

2. Routine inspections

Regular inspections of your anchor, chain, and rode are essential to maintaining their integrity and ensuring reliable performance. Over time, exposure to saltwater and environmental factors can cause wear and corrosion, compromising the effectiveness of these crucial anchoring components. Therefore, it's imperative to conduct routine checks to identify any signs of damage or deterioration promptly. Replace any worn or damaged components without delay to prevent potential anchor failure and mitigate risks while anchoring.

3. Proper storage

Effective storage of your anchor is vital for both safety and convenience on board your vessel. Improperly stowed anchors can pose hazards to crew members and damage to the vessel itself. Utilise dedicated anchor lockers or secure mounting systems to store your anchor safely when not in use. Ensure that the storage location is easily accessible and well-secured to prevent accidental dislodgement or shifting during rough seas or sudden manoeuvres. By prioritising proper storage practices, you can minimise the likelihood of accidents and ensure the efficient deployment of your anchor when needed.

4. Emergency procedures

Familiarise yourself and your crew with emergency anchor release procedures to be prepared for unforeseen circumstances requiring rapid anchoring. In emergency situations such as engine failure or loss of steering control, deploying the anchor quickly and effectively can be crucial for preventing drift, collision, or grounding. Establish clear protocols and designate responsibilities for emergency anchoring, including the location of emergency anchor release mechanisms and the steps for their activation. Regularly review and practise these procedures to ensure swift and coordinated responses in times of crisis.

5. Anchor type selection

Ensure you select the appropriate anchor type tailored to your vessel and the prevailing conditions you anticipate. Different anchor designs excel in specific seabeds and weather conditions. For example, a plough anchor proves effective in muddy bottoms, whereas a Danforth anchor is better suited for sandy or rocky substrates. Understanding the strengths of your anchor enhances its performance and guarantees a reliable hold.

6. Scope calculation

Calculate the correct scope, the ratio of anchor rode length to water depth, to guarantee adequate holding power. As a general guideline, employ a scope of 7:1 in calm conditions and extend it up to 10:1 in rough seas. Sufficient scope facilitates proper anchor setting and offers superior resistance against dragging or dislodgement.

7. Setting technique

Master the technique of firmly setting your anchor. Upon dropping the anchor, slowly manoeuvre your vessel in reverse while paying out the rode, enabling the anchor to embed into the seabed. Once the desired length of rode is reached, secure it and gradually increase engine power in reverse to set the anchor securely. This method ensures a robust hold and minimises the risk of anchor drag.

8. Monitoring and adjustment

Regularly monitor your vessel's position to confirm the anchor's secure hold. Utilise onshore visual references or GPS systems to track any movement. Should any dragging or shifting be detected, consider readjusting your position by resetting the anchor or deploying additional anchors for added stability. Remain vigilant to changing conditions and make necessary adjustments to maintain a safe anchorage.

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Setting Two Anchors

There are situations where ‘just’ one anchor may not suffice. The first that always comes to mind is a storm or heavy wind, when you simply need more holding power. As we discussed in our book Happy Hooking – the Art of Anchoring , your primary anchor should be sized to provide adequate holding in most any conditions. If you feel it is not big enough or the right type, then your first consideration should be upgrading or changing it. Having said that, although we are fairly confident that our anchors are correctly (over-) sized for our boat, we do routinely set a second anchor when we know there is a big blow coming. It gives us tremendous peace of mind. In any case, in a storm situation, your best option is to seek safe harbor so as not be subjected to strong winds and rough seas.

Other times when you might consider two anchors include tight anchorages, poor holding (like very soft soupy mud), shifting currents, prevailing swell, the narrow edge of a channel, wishing to position your boat precisely over a noted fishing spot, and so on. Just like there are many types of anchors, there are many ways to deploy them if and when you need them.

V-Configuration

Tandem anchoring.

You might wish to consider setting two anchors in series – one behind the other, which is known as tandem anchoring. U.S. Navy tests show the use of tandem anchors increases total holding power by as much as 30 percent over the same two anchors if deployed separately.

To do this, the primary anchor must have an eye or hole at the crown through which to attach the rode to the secondary anchor. The Rocna and Buegel anchors have such a dedicated attachment point. Do not use the hole or connection point for the trip line, which most anchors have, as this may cause the primary anchor to roll and unset during a wind shift.

If the anchors should drag or plow through the bottom, then the secondary anchor will find poor holding in the disturbed seafloor created by the primary. Using a plough type anchor for a tandem rig is thus ill advised.

Attach a length of chain rode, that is at least as long as your boat, to the tandem anchor connection point with a sturdy shackle – you should only use chain for this. To make later retrieval of the two anchors easier, attach one end of a floating retrieval rope to the shank of the first anchor and the other end to the shank of the second anchor.

We recently came across the Wemar tandem anchor, which we are looking forward to trying out in the coming months. Their system is in essence two nested anchors, where the secondary is deployed first. Then a chain lock in the shank of the primary is engaged. Then the primary anchor is deployed. Retrieval is the same process, only in reverse.

What not to do

We have sometimes heard the suggestion of deploying two anchors on two rodes in series with a secondary backup anchor upwind of the primary in case this one drags. This is not a good idea. If the downwind primary does drag, then the secondary will be lined up with the furrow of disturbed ground the primary created.

If you think your anchor might drag – replace it.

Setting Opposing Anchors

If you need to keep your boat in one place, even if the wind or current changes direction, then you may need to set two or more opposing anchors.

Bahamian mooring – Two anchors from the bow

The Bahamian Moor is essentially the same as the V configuration taken to its extreme – setting the two anchors 180 degrees apart. It allows your boat to swing pointing into the wind or current – whichever exerts the greater force on your boat and wherever it comes from at a given time. It can thus be very useful in an anchorage with a strong reversing tidal flow.

This method of anchoring also minimizes your swing radius. It is a configuration you may consider in a tight anchorage, provided, of course, that the other boats do the same. It can be useful also when anchoring close to boats on moorings where their swing radius is quite small, although anchoring in a mooring field is generally not recommended.

Bow and stern configuration

The bow and stern configuration maintains the position of your boat very tightly. Your boat will not swing into the wind or current and it should only be used when really needed – such as for anchoring at the very edge of a tight channel when you do not want to swing at all or anchoring off a beach when there is a swell coming in off the ocean causing your vessel to rock side to side.

Med mooring

In European marinas and many other places docking involves anchoring. Many marinas or docks require stern or bow to tie-ups to save space. The so-called Med mooring is basically a variation on the bow and stern configuration.

First and foremost, it is important to be prepared. You will need dock lines aft (or forward if going bow in) and fenders all around. Stop your boat in line with the slot you have previously chosen. Remember to allow for prop walk if your boat does this, and also allow for the wind or current to potentially push you to one side. Try to position your anchor location a bit upwind to help stabilize your approach. Then deploy your anchor, and back into the slip or slot while letting out your rode. (You may also deploy a stern anchor and go in bow first.)

As you come in to the dock pass your lines ashore, or preferably to your new neighbors to bring ashore while steering you in. Once the anchor and dock lines are deployed, firm up on the anchor rode and deploy spring lines to keep the boat aligned fore and aft.

Alex and Daria Blackwell are the authors of “ Happy Hooking - The Art of Anchoring .” It covers every aspect of anchors and anchoring in a fun and easy to read format with lots of photos and illustrations. It is available from good chandleries, Amazon  and on our publishing website.

For more information on this subject or on anchoring in general, please see our book:

Happy Hooking - the Art of Anchoring

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‘Numerous’ law enforcement officers shot in Charlotte neighborhood

CHARLOTTE, N.C. ( WBTV /Gray News) — “Numerous” law enforcement officers were shot in a neighborhood in Charlotte, North Carolina.

Authorities said the incident happened along Galway Drive when the U.S. Marshals Task Force was conducting an investigation and were “engaged by active gunfire from a subject.”

Authorities said “numerous law enforcement officers” were hit by gunfire and are being transported to the hospital.

This is an “active” scene, according to authorities.

Gov. Roy Cooper tweeted , stating he was in contact with law enforcement “concerning the tragic shooting in the Charlotte area, and we have offered state resources to help.”

Mayor Vi Lyles issued the following statement  regarding the shooting: “I am deeply saddened by the shooting that occurred that involved Charlotte-Mecklenburg police officers and US Marshals today. I ask that all Charlotteans keep them, the other injured officers, and their families in your thoughts and prayers during this incredibly difficult time.”

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EVANSVILLE, Ind. (WFIE) - A 33-year-old Evansville man facing child molestation charges has taken a plea deal.

Court records show Timothy Hart’s attorney filed a plea agreement Monday in Vanderburgh County.

Hart was arrested in 2022 on several counts of child molesting and child solicitation.

Police tell us the abuse happened between May of 2019 to January 2020.

The details of Hart’s plea deal have not yet been made public.

His jury trial for next month was cancelled. He is set to have a sentencing hearing on May 20, 2024.

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CMPD: ‘Numerous’ officers shot as active gunfire continues in east Charlotte

The incident is taking place along galway drive near denson place..

CHARLOTTE, N.C. (WBTV) — Multiple people were rushed to hospitals, and residents, along with anyone in the area of an east Charlotte neighborhood, are asked to avoid the area as active gunfire continues Monday afternoon, according to Charlotte-Mecklenburg Police .

The situation was first reported around 1:50 p.m. along Galway Drive near Denson Place.

CMPD’s SWAT team is working on the incident. They advised that the threat was isolated to the area of 5000 Galway Drive but still asked residents to shelter in place.

Our full, live report can be watched below:

Charlotte-Mecklenburg Schools said two schools were on full lockdown: Devonshire Elementary School and Briarwood Academy. Those students were able to be dismissed once police issued the all-clear around 3:40 p.m. Two other schools, Cochrane Collegiate and Lawrence Orr Elementary School, were put on modified lockdown and are being dismissed on a staggered system.

Officers listed the incident as a “severe alert.” They said “numerous law enforcement officers” were hit by gunfire in the situation, stating the US Marshals Task Force was conducting an investigation in the area when they were engaged in active gunfire by a subject.

Many roads, including parts of Interstate 77 and 277, were closed for faster ambulance transports. Charlotte Area Transit System notified those on the Gold Line that emergency vehicles blocked the tracks from Elizabeth and Hawthorn to Sunnyside Station.

View this post on Instagram A post shared by WBTV News (@wbtv_news)

Governor Roy Cooper tweeted , stating he was in contact with law enforcement “concerning the tragic shooting in the Charlotte area, and we have offered state resources to help.”

Mayor Vi Lyles issued the following statement regarding the shooting:

“I am deeply saddened by the shooting that occurred that involved Charlotte-Mecklenburg police officers and US Marshals today. I ask that all Charlotteans keep them, the other injured officers, and their families in your thoughts and prayers during this incredibly difficult time.”

Senator Tom Tillis also tweeted , calling the incident an “attack in Charlotte.”

“An attack in Charlotte on our brave law enforcement officers who swore an oath to protect and serve us all,” he wrote. “Susan and I are praying for everyone’s safety.”

The public should avoid the area . Police say more information will be released as it becomes available.

Copyright 2024 WBTV. All rights reserved.

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Vidya Balan likens herself to a boat in her relationship with Siddharth Roy Kapur; what does the ‘boat anchor theory’ say about your bond?

As two of the most successful public figures, how do vidya balan and siddharth roy kapur maintain a fulfilling relationship.

In a recent podcast with content creator Raj Shamani, actor Vidya Balan likened herself to a “boat” in her marriage with Siddharth Roy Kapur , when asked whether she considers herself as a boat or an anchor. 

Shamani said, “There’s this study where they say that you can randomly ask people who are in relationships about – are they boat or an anchor – and their first instinct will tell you the person they are and who they’re attracted to.”

“If you are a boat and you have great relationships, it means the other person in your life is an anchor.”

Initially, Balan said, “It depends on what the other (person) brings out in me.” But, after being prompted to choose one, she admitted that she likes to “go with the flow” as she is more adventurous compared to Kapur, who she says, is the rock or the anchor in the relationship and “a very calm and zen person.”. “He’s the rock, he’s solid for all the people in his life… not just for me, but his own family, his friends… so he’s just one of those people,” she elaborates.

The boat and anchor theory is an analogy often used to describe the roles individuals play in relationships. The boat represents the partner who brings excitement, adventure, and movement to the relationship, while the anchor symbolises stability, support, and grounding.

Application of the ‘boat and anchor theory’ to partnerships

Mental health and relationship expert Aashmeen Munjaal expressed that generally, the boat represents the partner who goes with the flow and brings in energy and drive in a relationship, whereas being an anchor significantly brings in the qualities of stability and support. 

“Just as an anchor keeps the boat steady in high tides, in marriages too anchors act as a source of support and security in challenging times. On the contrary, a partner with boat qualities may be more adventurous, injecting excitement into a relationship . 

However, she adds that it is not necessarily the case that one partner remains the boat and the other remains the anchor. “With changing circumstances, there can always be a change in dynamics. You must remember that to maintain a healthy relationship, you must foster effective communication, respect, compassion, and understanding with each other.”

In the context of marriage, Rhea Joseph, consultant psychologist at Cadabams Mindtalks adds, this theory highlights the balance of stability and growth within the partnership. A healthy marriage often requires both these elements – adventure to keep the relationship vibrant and growth-oriented, and stability to ensure safety and trust.

Roles of the boat and the anchor in relationships

Joseph describes what the role of a boat and an anchor means in relationships:

Boat’s Role: The boat in a relationship is about forward motion and adaptability. This partner often drives change and encourages the couple to try new experiences, facilitating personal and mutual growth.

Anchor’s Role: The anchor provides a sense of safety, reliability, and consistency . This role is crucial for building a secure base in the relationship, from which both partners can confidently explore individual and shared aspirations.

Balancing Roles: Understanding and appreciating these roles can lead to a more harmonious relationship. Partners can switch roles as needed, adapting to life’s changes and challenges, ensuring that both growth and stability are nurtured.

How Balan realised that Kapur is ‘the one’ for her: Significance of small gestures 

Balan’s close and loving relationship with her husband sheds light on the dynamics of their relationship. She recalled a moment when Kapur went out of his way to fulfill her simple desire for a cup of coffee. “It was late in the night,” she recalled that she had just arrived at the airport and he came to pick her up. 

But, since she wanted to have some coffee, he decided to brave the heavy rain by finding a restaurant that was still open and fetching her a cup of her favourite beverage. “As he was walking away from me, I said I was home. I don’t know why I felt that.” she said.

Munjaal says that this reveals a lot about the nature of romantic connections and the significance of small gestures in building intimacy. 

“The actress’s experience indeed reflects the concept of emotional bonding within a romantic relationship. This gesture highlights care, compassion, and thoughtfulness towards her needs. Such small gestures foster a sense of security and comfort in any relationship .”

Joseph also notes, “Consistent small gestures like these can be more impactful than occasional grand gestures. They build a cumulative sense of being valued and loved, which is crucial for deep, enduring connections.”

Such actions often hold symbolic meanings, serving as tangible manifestations of love and support. They reassure individuals of their partner’s commitment and understanding, she says,  which are foundational to romantic satisfaction.

• Siddharth Roy Kapur
• Vidya Balan

Watermelon and muskmelon are great for hydration and weight loss, but portion control is important for those with diabetes. Watermelon has a higher GI, but its low carbohydrate content leads to a lower GL. Both fruits are full of essential vitamins and nutrients, making them safe for diabetics in moderation. Adding protein or healthy fats can also slow down sugar absorption.

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Best anchors: 8 new generation designs suitable for every boat

• Rupert Holmes
• January 27, 2022

Most boats would benefit from upgrading to a better anchor for a host of reasons. We take a look at 8 of the best anchors on the market right now

Securing your anchor do it is ready to drop could get you out of a tight spot when you can't sail out of trouble. Credit: Theo Stocker

Good ground tackle and understanding how to anchor properly opens up the option to stay overnight in stunning bays and creeks, away from costly marinas and expensive harbour moorings. And picking the best anchors is essential in terms of safety too as you may well need it to hold you off a lee shore in the event of engine failure.

However, unless your boat’s anchor has been upgraded recently, the chances are it’s of a type that will not provide good holding power.

What to look for in a good anchor?

Much has changed in the world of anchors in the past 20 years, which led to classification societies such as Lloyds adding a new Super High Holding Power certification category for these anchors in 2008.

Most of the best anchors exceed the requirements for this by a wide margin.

These advances in anchor technology and different types of anchor mean older boats won’t have been equipped with what we would now consider to be decent ground tackle when they were new.

This is also true for most vessels built in the last 20 years. Until recently the latest generation of anchors was relatively expensive, so were generally only fitted as standard equipment to very high quality yachts.

The various brands of today’s very high holding power anchors share a number of key characteristics that make them more effective than older products.

The best anchors tend to have a concave profile akin to the shape of a shovel. This digs more firmly into the seabed without tending to act like a plough when under load.

Another important aspect to look for in a good anchor is the tip weight, as loading as much weight here as possible is a massive help in enabling it to penetrate weed and other difficult types of sea bed.

Typical new generation anchors have 35-45 per cent of their weight on the tip. Some also have roll bars that prevent the anchor landing on the seabed upside down.

Whatever anchor you choose, beware of cheap unbranded copies. These rarely have the precise geometry needed to maximise holding power. Some are also badly cast and therefore weaker than the original design.

At a glance:

Note: we may earn a commission when you buy through links on our site, at no extra cost to you. this doesn’t affect our editorial independence., 7 of the best anchors on the market right now.

Rocna Galvanised Anchor

This was one of the first of the new generation of ultra high holding power anchors and quickly gained much acclaim, despite an initially high price tag.

The Rocna is well engineered and has an excellent reputation for digging in quickly and easily. Once set it then offers excellent holding.

A roll bar is incorporated, but a downside of Rocnas is they do not stow neatly on all bow rollers.

To solve this problem the company developed the Vulcan series, which doesn’t have the roll bar and is shaped to fit on a wider range of bow rollers.

Reasons to buy:

– Good quality anchor

– Excellent holding power

Reasons to avoid:

– It is expensive

– Do not stow neatly on all bow rollers

Specifications:

– Size: 96 x 41 x 39 cm

– Weight: Available in 10kg, 20kg and 25kg

Buy it now on Amazon.co.uk

Buy it now on Amazon.com

Buy a Rocna Vulcan on Amazon.co.uk

Buy a stainless steel Rocna Vulcan on Amazon.com

Lewmar Stainless Steel Epsilon Anchor

Read PBO’s Lewmar Epsilon review

The latest model from this UK company offers the benefits of a new generation anchor at very attractive prices.

It has a winged design with concave flukes to maximise holding power in a variety of sea beds, a ballasted tip that enables it to dig in readily and is self righting, even though the roll bar is optional.

The Epsilon is intended as a direct replacement for Lewmar’s long-running plough style Delta anchor.

Although the Epsilon’s shank is proportionately shorter, the two models share the same basic shank geometry. Therefore, if a Delta fits your bow roller then an Epsilon will also fit.

– Easy to handle

– Designed to fit any bow roller that works for the Delta

– It has a shorter shank

– Size: ‎55 x 35 x 30cm

– Material: stainless steel

– Weight: ‎6.1kg

Buy it now on eBay

Buy it now from Amazon

Buy it now from West Marine (US only)

Fortress FX-11

This aluminium anchor is an older design from more than 30 years ago, but still has a number of advantages that makes it an excellent choice in some circumstances.

It’s biggest feature is very light weight relative to the holding power the anchor provides. This makes it a perfect option for performance catamarans and trimarans, as well as for smaller fast motor boats.

The key downside, however, is that the holding power is achieved through the surface area of the flukes, not the weight of the anchor. This means it’s physically larger than other anchors, although it comes apart like the Spade for easier stowage.

A neat feature is that the angle of the flukes can be varied to suit different types of sea bed.

– Perfect for catamarans and trimarans

– Easy to manoeuvre thanks to its light weight design

– Flukes can be adapted to the type of sea bed

– Larger than other anchors

– Holding power is from the surface area of flukes

– Size: ‎73.66 x 15.24 x 7.62 cm

– Material: aluminium

– Weight: 8 pounds

Spade Anchor S series

This is another popular modern anchor, but with an important difference to other brands.

The hollow shank can be removed to make stowage easier. This makes it an excellent choice for racing yachts and other vessels that don’t permanently keep the anchor on the bow, or for occasional use as a kedge.

There’s no roll bar, but the tip loading is close to 50 per cent of the total weight, which helps it to dig in and set quickly.

The main drawback of the Spade is one of cost – it’s more complex to manufacture than other designs, so the price is relatively high.

– Good option for racing yachts

– The hollow shank can be removed

– No roll bar

– Expensive

– Size: S40 to S160

– Material: galvanised steel

– Weight: 6kg to 55kg

Buy it now from Jimmy Green Marine

Knox Anchors

Professor John Knox spent a great deal of his spare time researching the loads on anchors and rodes.

His work in this area over a period of 20 years contributed a huge amount to our understanding of anchoring and precise causes of anchors dragging or breaking out.

It also led him to develop his own design of anchor that would offer significantly better performance compared to the popular models at the time. It was therefore one of the first of the new generation designs.

The Knox anchor has a patented divided fluke with sharpened edges set at an angle that enables it to dig into the seabed quickly and efficiently.

It’s fitted with a roll bar and, while the shank is made of the highest tensile strength steel available.

– Made of the highest tensile strength steel

– Patented divided fluke with sharpened edges set at an angle to dig into the seabed

– We can’t find any

– Material: highest tensile strength steel

– Weight: 6.5kg to 27kg

Buy it now from Knox Anchors

Stirrup Anchor Bugel Anchor

The Bügel was one of the very first new generation anchors and quickly set a new benchmark in the industry.

It has a flat fluke with lower surface area than later designs, plus a roll bar and a shank made of thick plate.

This makes it a relatively inexpensive anchor, which is undoubtedly a key factor behind its enormous popularity, even though later products offer higher holding power.

– Good value anchor

– It features a rollbar and shank

– Other products offer higher holding power

– Size: 66 x 28cm to 86 x 38cm

– Material: Hot-galvanised steel

– Weight: 9 to 16kg

Buy it now from compass24.com

Manson Supreme Anchor

This was the first anchor to receive Lloyds Super High Holding Power certification when the classification was introduced in 2008.

It’s a fabricated design that uses two layers of steel for the fluke and relies on a roll bar, rather than a ballasted tip, to self-right.

The upper slot in the shank is intended for use in rocky sea beds, or anchoring in coral . The idea is that if the anchor becomes stuck the rode can be slid to the shank end of the slot, enabling the anchor to be retrieved without using a tripping line.

The shape of the anchor is designed to fit all conventional anchor rollers.

– Good for use on a rocky sea bed

– The anchor fits all conventional anchor rollers

– Other products offer innovative designs compared to this classical anchor design

– Size: 18′ – 30′ to 40′ – 45′

– Weight: 7kg to 20kg

Buy it now from Marinesuperstore.com

Ultra Marine Ultra Anchor

Read Yachting Monthly’s Ultra Anchor review

Our sister title Yachting Monthly recently tested the new 12kg Ultra Anchor from Ultra Marine over several nights at anchor.

Editor Theo Stocker said: “I was impressed with how quickly the anchor set.

“While our normal 10kg Bruce anchor can struggle in soft sand and weed, the Ultra anchor buried itself almost completely and refused to drag.

“The Ultra’s performance amply delivers on its maker’s promises as is comparable to other stainless anchors,” he concluded.

– Handmade and hand-polished stainless steel

– Ready to dig in

– Not the cheapest option on this list

– Weight: 5kg to 8kg

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Students take boat to school after bridge closes

GUNNISON, Colo. (KUSA) - The broken bridge over Blue Mesa Reservoir outside Gunnison, Colorado, has more cracks than originally thought.

The Colorado Department of Transportation’s engineers said they have no idea when it will reopen.

Right now, they cannot even get their equipment out on the bridge to complete their inspections.

In the meantime, some students are being forced to boat to school.

Hayden Fresques lives on the other side of Blue Mesa Reservoir, and now that U.S. 50 is closed for the foreseeable future, he has been getting to school on a boat with classmates who live around him.

“It was weird. I was like, ‘I’m taking a boat to school,’ and it was so early. The sun was just coming up. I was just like, ‘What’s happening?’ It was weird. Not something I’m used to,” he said.

Families have also opened up their homes in Gunnison so that kids do not have to commute across the water every day.

It is a situation no one expected, but one with which everyone wanted to help.

“So I’ve been staying with my friend’s parents and him for the last two days or two nights. They’ve been so kind to let me stay with them. I feel so appreciated and cared for,” Fresques said.

The Colorado Department of Transportation has also opened up a side road that people can take to get around the bridge.

However, the state’s transportation department said drivers need to be guided over the rough road, so it is only open every 12 hours, once in the morning and once in the evening.

Copyright 2024 KUSA via CNN Newsource. All rights reserved.

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Trump and desantis meet to make peace and discuss fundraising for the former president's campaign.

Jill Colvin

Associated Press

NEW YORK – Former president Donald Trump met privately with Florida Gov. Ron DeSantis over the weekend, according to three people familiar with the discussion, marking a detente between the former rivals after a brutal primary contest marked by insults and bruised egos.

The meeting, which lasted three hours, was organized to help the men bury the hatchet and discuss potential joint fundraising efforts, according to one of the people, who spoke on condition of anonymity to share details of the private get-together. The governor, during the conversation, committed to helping Trump as he faces President Joe Biden in the general election, the person said.

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The meeting, which was first reported by The Washington Post, was orchestrated by Florida real estate investor Steve Witkoff, who knows both men.

Witkoff did not immediately respond to a request for comment through his office.

DeSantis has a deep network of donors from his runs for governor and president. Though he endorsed Trump when he dropped his bid for the GOP nomination in a video after failing to gain traction, he has yet to campaign or fundraise on Trump's behalf.

The GOP primary was marked by a bitter rivalry between the two men, who had once been allies. Trump lambasted DeSantis as disloyal and nicknamed him Ron “DeSanctimonious," while DeSantis suggested Trump would lose again in November.

Associated Press writer Tom Beaumont contributed to this report from Des Moines.

Copyright 2024 The Associated Press. All rights reserved. This material may not be published, broadcast, rewritten or redistributed without permission.