how much fuel does a 40 foot yacht use

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Yacht fuel cost calculator - how to estimate the costs.

Yacht captains have many responsibilities when it comes to the management of their vessel. One of them is keeping track of expenses, which is why it is important to familiarize yourself with the vessel’s operational costs. Keeping a luxury superyacht afloat isn’t cheap, and many claim that the average annual cost ranks up to 10% of the vessel’s price.

From these expenses, a significant portion goes to fuel. Filling up the tank of your boat is quite pricey, which is why a growing number of boat owners want to know exactly how much they are looking to spend for their upcoming voyage. This is also important for people who want to charter a boat for their holiday.

If you’re wondering how to best estimate the costs involved, you’re in the right place. This article will help you calculate your vessel’s yacht fuel cost while giving an overview of all the criteria used as variables. To make the process even easier, we link to a yacht fuel cost calculator to help you get an indication of the expenses you’ll need to cover. Let’s delve in!

Yacht fuel cost calculator

How to estimate yacht fuel costs, how much fuel does a yacht use.

• Price of boat fuel per gallon?

Yacht fuel formula

The easiest way to calculate your fuel costs is by using a yacht fuel cost calculator. There is a great calculator available here in case you want to save time and get an approximate estimation.

As you can see, the yacht fuel cost calculator has many variables which you need to be aware of before you set out to calculate the approximate price. This is what we will be dealing with in the next few chapters.

To help you get a better understanding of the calculation process we will do things manually while giving you the exact formulas used to calculate your vessel’s fuel needs. Therefore, make sure you keep on reading.

There are several things you need to keep in mind when you first set out to estimate the total fuel cost for your next voyage. These are summarised in the following points:

• Distance of journey - The total amount of nautical miles (or km)
• Cruising speed - The (average) speed of your vessel (in knots or km/hr)
• Fuel consumption - Understanding how many gallons (or liters) of fuel are consumed per hour
• Yacht fuel price - Understanding the average market price per gallon of fuel

The first two points depend solely on your needs and personal preference, which means that they are more flexible on a subjective basis. The latter two points may require a bit of research, especially if you’re not familiar with the engine of the vessel.

In the following sections, we will delve deeper into each of the points mentioned above, and offer the required formulas to help you calculate yacht fuel cost.

Calculating distance and speed

To understand the exact distance you are looking to cover in your next voyage, you can simply use Google Maps to plan your route. The following video explains the process in detail.

As soon as your route is planned out, you can measure the distance as well, selecting the preferred method of calculation. In our case, it is best to measure in nautical miles (1nm=1,85km), as this metric is more commonly used among sea men. The yacht fuel cost calculator above has an embedded map that helps you pinpoint the journey you want to make.

Next comes the cruising speed. The number is mostly calculated in knots (nautical miles/hr). The speed with which the vessel will cruise depends on the captain onboard, but is often influenced by the owner and guests onboard. You can make a rough estimation of this number based on previous trips.

Next, we need to calculate the amount of fuel that you will likely need. To do this we need to understand the engine type, its horsepower, and several other factors.

Let’s take a marine diesel engine for example. These engines are very common on motor yachts and consume approximately 0.4 pounds of fuel per hour for each unit of horsepower. You can find fuel consumption info for your specific engine by looking it up on the web or by calling the service number.

Once you know the fuel burn rate, it’s best to add a relative error margin of 10% based on minor factors. These include weather conditions, vessel size, and drag, all of which can increase the fuel burn.

How much fuel does a yacht use per hour?

Now that you know all the variables you can go ahead and calculate the amount of fuel that your yacht will need.

• Start by calculating the fuel burn per hour based on the horsepower of the engine.
• Add a multiplier based on the cruising speed of your vessel.

A vessel with a diesel engine of 300 horsepower will most likely burn 16-17 gallons per hour, which you can then use as a guideline when calculating the travel time based on the nautical miles you are looking to cover.

Superyachts are consuming much more fuel. An average 70-meter luxury yacht will burn around 130 gallons per hour with the engines running, while the amount increases significantly when the ship is moving. On average, you are looking at ±€2000 per hour (±1000 gallons) to achieve a speed of 20 knots. Of course, the higher the cruising speed, the more fuel you will be burning per hour, which in turn makes each hour at sea more expensive.

How much does boat fuel cost per gallon?

The exact price you are looking to pay per gallon depends on the marina you find yourself in. By looking at several price points of marinas, we get the following:

• Average diesel prices range from $3.2-$3.9 per gallon
• Average petrol prices range from $7.2-$7.8 per gallon

Note that discounts usually apply whenever you choose to purchase large quantities of fuel.

Why is boat fuel so expensive?

Marine fuel pricing is heavily inflated due to low supply and high demand. In short, the limited number of fuel stations at marinas have to service all the yachts that dock, which leads to a no-choice monopoly.

That said, yacht owners are usually not that concerned about the small price spike that marinas charge as an extra. If anything, they are happy to pay due to the convenience of the service.

How much fuel does a yacht hold?

Once again, the answer to this question depends on the size of the vessel. Smaller yachts can hold around 1300 gallons of fuel, while the bigger vessels can store up to 100,000 gallons. The ship’s engineers should be able to provide this number for the vessel you command.

Now that we have a better understanding of all the variables that determine the cost of fuel, we can go ahead and take you through the calculation process step by step.

First, know the total duration of your cruise. To obtain this information, divide the number of nautical miles by the cruising speed of your vessel (knots). For example, if you want to make a journey that totals 150 nautical miles while traveling at 20 knots, the yacht fuel formula looks as follows:

Total duration = 150 nm / 20kn

Total duration = 7,5 hrs

Note that the amount of fuel consumption may end up higher than expected if:

• Sea and weather conditions are not favourable
• You plan to make short stops along the way while the engine keeps running

Next, what you want to do multiply the number of hours by the number of gallons that your engine burns on an hourly basis while moving at the speed you previously indicated. If we take, as an example, the superyacht mentioned in the previous examples, we would make the calculation as follows:

7,5 hrs x 1000 gph = 7500 gallons

Now assume that you will also make two stops along the way, an hour and a half each, in order to let the guests enjoy their time; maybe ride a jet ski.

You then multiply the added number of hours with the consumption rate of a running engine. In this case:

3 hrs x 130 gph = 390 gallons

All that is left to do now is add up the total amount of fuel needed and multiply the number with the price per gallon.

(7500+390) x $3,5 = $27615

In this example, the final cost of your will set you back a little bit more than 27 thousand dollars. Just to be safe, calculate the additional 10% (margin of error) to be prepared against unexpected mistakes. This added amount is not necessarily an ad-on when you consider chartering. Private yacht owners, however, should add the amount to their final cost.

And that's it! You should now have a better idea on the steps you need to follow to calculate the fuel costs for your yacht. While there is quite a bit of information you should keep in mind, it is best to plan out everything with detail to avoid unforeseen costs. If you enjoyed this article, check out our blog post on yacht electrical systems as well.

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Yachts and Fuel – How Much do they Really Consume?

Fuel is one of many annual running costs of a yacht. Not only does the yacht need fuel for cruising; the generators require it to keep the vessel running while at anchor and underway. As well as this, many of the water sports toys require it too.

Some yachts cross the Atlantic Ocean twice a year between the Mediterranean and Caribbean while others embark on world cruises. That equates to a lot of fuel.

So How Much Do They Really Consume?

According to the Yachting Pages, the longest Superyacht in the world, 180m M/Y Azzam, holds 1,000,000 litres of fuel. To put it into perspective, that is the equivalent of filling a regular hatchback car 23,800 times. Or, six Boeing 747 commercial airliners.

West Nautical’s Vessel Manager, Tony Hildrew, a former Yacht Chief Engineer said:

“Fuel is the single biggest expense when it comes to yacht operations, it is estimated that the global spend on fuel is around $150bn annually however this shouldn’t put you off, there are a number of ways to ensure your fuel consumption doesn’t get out of hand. Implementing a Ships Energy Efficiency Management Plan or SEEMP for short is a great way to keep fuel costs down without compromising on your cruising experience.”

Each yacht will consume fuel differently for a number of reasons. It could be the size and make of the engines. Or, how often the yacht is using generators. As well as the number of tenders and water sports toys on board that require fuel. For example, if the yacht is out at anchor and running on generators 90% of the time, the fuel consumption will be much higher than a yacht that is in a marina at night and connected to shore power and water.

Another factor that will affect fuel consumption is the yacht’s itinerary. This is because the sea conditions will impact how much fuel the engines consume.

How Is Consumption Measured?

You will be able to input the start and ending points of your cruise on the map. This will automatically update the distance table. The next step is to enter the speed, fuel consumption and cost of fuel per litre to determine the cost of the trip.

Here is an example: A fast 30m yacht cruising at 20 knots will consume roughly 400 – 500 litres depending on the engine type. This would equate to the total consumption of 2500 litres for a distance of 100 nautical miles.

Another example is, a 70m yacht looking to travel 100 nautical miles with the engines burning 1000 litres per hour would add up to a total consumption of 8335L for that passage. Depending on where the yacht bunkered, the estimated cost with the price per litre being on the low end at €0.90 per litre would cost a total of €7501.50. An example of a 100 nautical mile passage would take you from Saint Tropez to The North Coast of Corsica.

How Much Does It Cost?

Fuel prices fluctuate depending on which country you bunker in and some places you bunker offer tax free fuel such a Gibraltar and Montenegro. Fuel prices can vary but typically costs between €0.80 and €1.30 per litre.

Yacht charter, sales and management company West Nautical added:

“Fuel costs should be at the top of any yacht owner and captain’s minds for two reasons: to minimise costs as well as reduce the environmental impact of burning unnecessary fuel. The superyacht charter market, more than most other markets, relies on pristine waters for their guests to enjoy their holiday. If the oceans in popular charter destinations are not maintained, it will decrease the demand for yacht charter and therefore the revenue for owners.” “If you are looking for expertise in operational management and engineering in order to plan a SEEMP, West Nautical would be delighted to assist.”

About West Nautical

West Nautical sell, charter and manage superyachts from their head office in Newcastle upon Tyne. The business currently employs a team of 21 staff throughout their offices based in the UK, Russia, France and Cyprus.

  Since their inception over 25 years ago, West Nautical have become recognised as one of the most respected, trusted, knowledgeable and accountable professional services firms in yachting – largely due to their relentless determination to act in our clients’ best interests. Their approach and attitude is transparent, refreshing and focused on providing value-added services delivered simply, elegantly and affordably. 

Visit West Nautical’s website here: https://westnautical.com

For Media enquiries please contact  sarah.mackenzie@westnautical.com

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How Much Fuel Does a Yacht Use? An In-Depth Analysis

When it comes to luxury and adventure on the high seas, yachts are the epitome of both. Whether you’re a yacht owner or dreaming of chartering one for your next vacation, understanding the fuel consumption of these majestic vessels is crucial. Fuel usage not only impacts the cost of your journey but also has environmental implications. In this article, we dive into the factors affecting yacht fuel consumption and provide insights to help you estimate how much fuel a yacht uses.

Understanding Yacht Fuel Consumption

Fuel consumption in yachts is influenced by several factors, including the yacht’s size, engine type, cruising speed, and conditions at sea. Here, we break down these elements to give you a clearer picture.

Yacht Size and Engine Type

Yachts come in various sizes, from smaller 40-foot models to massive 100-foot plus luxury liners. Generally, the larger the yacht, the more fuel it consumes. Engine type also plays a significant role. Traditional diesel engines are common, but newer models may feature more efficient or hybrid engines that can impact fuel usage.

Cruising Speed

Speed is a significant factor in fuel consumption. Higher speeds increase resistance in the water, requiring more power and, consequently, more fuel. Cruising at a yacht’s optimal speed, often referred to as the “hull speed,” can help maximize fuel efficiency.

Conditions at Sea

Sea conditions can also affect fuel consumption. Smooth, calm waters allow for more efficient travel, while rough seas can increase fuel use due to the additional power needed to maintain speed and stability.

Estimating Yacht Fuel Consumption

While it’s challenging to provide a one-size-fits-all answer due to the variables involved, we can offer some general guidelines. On average, a yacht might use between 20 to 100 gallons of fuel per hour. Smaller yachts, such as those around 40 feet, tend to be on the lower end of the scale, consuming about 20 to 40 gallons per hour. Larger vessels, which are over 100 feet, can consume significantly more, sometimes exceeding 100 gallons per hour, especially at higher speeds.

Example Calculations

Let’s look at an example. For a 70-foot yacht cruising at a moderate speed of 20 knots, fuel consumption could be around 50 gallons per hour. If you’re planning a 100-mile journey, at 20 knots, it would take you approximately 5 hours. This means the total fuel consumption for the trip could be around 250 gallons.

Tips for Reducing Fuel Consumption

• Cruise at Efficient Speeds: Find and maintain your yacht’s hull speed for optimal fuel efficiency.
• Regular Maintenance: Keep the engine and hull in top condition to reduce drag and ensure the engine runs efficiently.
• Plan Your Route: Opt for the most direct route and consider current sea conditions to minimize unnecessary fuel use.
• Lighten Your Load: Only carry what you need for your journey, as extra weight can increase fuel consumption.

Understanding and managing fuel consumption is crucial for any yacht owner or enthusiast. By considering the factors outlined above and implementing fuel-saving strategies, you can enjoy the luxury of yachting more sustainably and cost-effectively. Whether planning a short excursion or a long voyage, a careful consideration of fuel use will enhance your experience on the water.

Remember, every yacht is unique, and so is its fuel consumption. For specific figures, consult your yacht’s manual or speak with a marine professional who can provide insights tailored to your vessel. Enjoy your time at sea, and sail smartly!

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How Much Does Yacht Fuel Cost? (A Guide to Understanding Prices)

Whether you own a yacht or are thinking of buying one, you know that fuel costs can be a major expense.

Knowing the cost of fuel is critical to budgeting for the upkeep and operation of a yacht.

In this guide, we’ll cover all the factors that affect the price of yacht fuel, so you can be informed and make the best decisions for your vessel.

We’ll look at the typical costs for petrol and diesel for a typical yacht, as well as marine diesel and marine gasoline for larger vessels.

We’ll also discuss how location impacts fuel prices, how to research the cost of yacht fuel in your area, and tips to minimize fuel costs.

Finally, we’ll answer some common questions about yacht fuel prices.

Let’s get started!.

Table of Contents

Short Answer

The cost of yacht fuel varies widely depending on the size of the yacht, the type of fuel, and the location.

Generally, diesel fuel will cost between $5 and $7 per gallon, while gasoline can range from $3 to $5 per gallon.

Some marinas may offer discounts depending on the amount of fuel purchased.

Additionally, some marinas may offer discounts for long-term customers or members of a yacht club.

Factors Affecting Yacht Fuel Prices

When it comes to understanding the cost of yacht fuel, there are several factors that must be taken into consideration.

Firstly, the size of the yacht, its engine type, and the distance travelled will all have an effect on the cost of fuel.

Generally, a smaller yacht running on petrol or diesel will cost between $2 and $10 per gallon, whereas a larger yacht running on a more expensive fuel, such as marine diesel or marine gasoline, can cost up to $20 per gallon.

Furthermore, the location of the yacht can also affect the cost of fuel.

Prices for fuel are typically higher in more remote areas, so it is important to research the costs of yacht fuel in the area before setting out on a voyage.

Additionally, the availability of fuel in the area should also be considered, as it may be difficult to find fuel in some remote regions.

Finally, the type of fuel used can have a significant impact on the cost of yacht fuel.

The most common types of fuel used in yachts are petrol, diesel, marine diesel, and marine gasoline.

All of these have different prices and different requirements for usage, so it is important to make sure that the right type of fuel is being used for the yacht.

Additionally, it is important to ensure that the fuel is of good quality, as poor quality fuel can lead to damage to the engine and other parts of the yacht.

Costs of Petrol or Diesel for a Typical Yacht

When it comes to understanding the cost of yacht fuel, it is important to note that petrol or diesel fuel, while relatively inexpensive, can still vary significantly in price based upon the size of the yacht, the type of engine it runs on, and the distance travelled.

For a typical yacht running on petrol or diesel fuel, the cost can range anywhere from $2 to $10 per gallon.

This range is largely dependent on the size of the yacht, with larger yachts needing more fuel to operate, leading to a higher cost per gallon.

Additionally, the type of engine and fuel used will also affect the cost, with more expensive fuels such as marine diesel or marine gasoline typically costing more than petrol or diesel.

It is also important to note that the cost of fuel can vary depending on the location.

For example, prices may be higher in more remote areas due to the difficulty in accessing fuel or the lack of competition among suppliers.

As such, it is important to research the costs of yacht fuel in the area before setting out on a voyage to ensure that you are not being overcharged.

With a little effort and research, you can ensure that you are getting the best price for your fuel needs.

Costs of Marine Diesel or Marine Gasoline for a Larger Yacht

When it comes to larger yachts, the costs of fuel can be significantly higher due to the amount of fuel needed to power them.

Marine diesel and marine gasoline are the two most common types of fuel used by larger yachts, and both come with a higher price tag than petrol or diesel.

Marine diesel typically costs between $15 and $20 per gallon, while marine gasoline can cost up to $30 per gallon.

The cost of marine diesel and marine gasoline can also depend on the location, with prices typically higher in more remote areas.

Additionally, for larger yachts, the cost of fuel can be affected by the size and type of engine, as well as the distance travelled.

For example, a yacht with a larger engine and travelling a longer distance will need more fuel, thus increasing the overall cost.

Location and Its Impact on Fuel Prices

Location is an important factor to consider when it comes to yacht fuel costs.

Depending on where the yacht is located, the price of fuel can vary significantly.

For example, prices are typically higher in more remote areas due to the higher cost of transportation and logistics.

Similarly, fuel prices can be higher in areas with higher taxes or more stringent regulations.

Additionally, fuel prices can also be impacted by local economic factors such as the cost of living or the availability of certain fuels.

It is important to research the costs of fuel in the area before setting out on a voyage.

This can help to ensure that the yacht has an adequate supply of fuel and can help to avoid any unpleasant surprises when it comes to fuel costs.

Additionally, it can also help to plan for any additional costs that may be incurred when travelling in an area with higher fuel prices.

Additionally, it is also important to check for any fuel discounts or promotions that may be available in the area, as this can help to reduce the overall cost of the voyage.

Researching Fuel Costs in the Area

When researching the cost of yacht fuel in a given area, there are several factors to consider.

Firstly, the type of fuel used in the yacht needs to be taken into account, as this will determine the price of fuel.

Petrol and diesel are typically the most affordable options, with prices ranging from $2 to $10 per gallon.

Marine diesel and marine gasoline, however, are more expensive, with costs reaching up to $20 per gallon.

Secondly, the size of the yacht will also affect the cost of fuel.

Larger yachts need more fuel to power their engines, thus resulting in higher fuel costs.

Lastly, the location of the yacht is an important factor to consider, as fuel prices tend to be higher in more remote areas.

Therefore, it is essential to research the fuel costs in the area before setting out on a voyage.

Tips for Minimizing Fuel Costs

When it comes to yacht fuel costs, there are several strategies that can be employed to help minimize expenses.

First, it is important to identify the most cost-effective fuel for your yacht.

Different types of fuel, such as marine diesel or gasoline, may be more suitable for larger vessels and longer voyages.

Secondly, consider the location of your voyage.

If possible, try to plan a route that takes you to more densely populated areas to benefit from better fuel prices.

Thirdly, be mindful of the efficiency of your yacht.

Installing a fuel-efficient engine or taking measures to reduce drag and reduce air resistance can help improve fuel economy.

Finally, keep an eye on the weather.

High winds and choppy seas can significantly increase fuel consumption, so it may be beneficial to plan your voyage around favorable weather conditions.

By following these tips, yacht owners can reduce their fuel costs and make the most of their time on the open seas.

Common Questions about Yacht Fuel Prices

When it comes to the cost of yacht fuel, there are many factors that can affect the price.

One of the most important factors is the size and type of the yacht itself.

Smaller yachts tend to use less fuel than larger ones, so the cost of fuel for them is typically lower.

Additionally, the type of fuel used is also important, as some fuels cost more than others.

For example, petrol or diesel are typically cheaper than more expensive fuels such as marine diesel or marine gasoline.

Location is another factor that can influence the cost of fuel for a yacht.

Prices are typically higher in more remote areas due to the additional cost of transporting the fuel to the area.

As such, it is important to research the cost of yacht fuel in the area before setting out on a voyage.

Finally, the distance travelled can also have an impact on the cost of yacht fuel.

For example, if a yacht is travelling a long distance, the cost of fuel per mile can be higher than if it is travelling a shorter distance.

Therefore, it is important to consider the total distance to be travelled when calculating the cost of fuel.

In conclusion, the cost of yacht fuel can vary significantly depending on the size of the yacht, its engine type, the location, and the distance travelled.

As such, it is important to research the cost of yacht fuel in the area before setting out on a voyage to ensure you get the best possible price.

Final Thoughts

With the right information and preparation, you can save money and ensure a safe and successful voyage on your yacht.

Before taking off, take the time to research fuel costs in the area and familiarize yourself with the factors that impact fuel prices.

Additionally, consider utilizing tips such as limiting speed and combining trips to help minimize fuel costs.

Now you have the tools and knowledge to start your journey with confidence.

Bon voyage!.

James Frami

At the age of 15, he and four other friends from his neighborhood constructed their first boat. He has been sailing for almost 30 years and has a wealth of knowledge that he wants to share with others.

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Measuring your Yacht Fuel Consumption per Hour

Oct 10, 2019

less than a min

How to measure your yacht fuel consumption per hour

Yachts are quite similar to other vehicles in the sense that they work through fuel. Similarly to any other vehicle, it is important to calculate the yacht fuel consumption per hour before you plan a trip or before you purchase a vessel. Fuel consumption is also a good comparison base between boats. Whether before going on a trip, or buying a yacht, you need to have all the facts straight and know how much money you are going to invest not only at once upon purchase but also periodically.

There are different factors in the fuel consumption of a yacht. For example, if you use a generator or if you stay at anchor instead of docking, the fuel consumption will be increased . The itinerary will change fuel consumption as well. Sea is different than roads and the conditions in a sea change more dramatically than on land, which also impacts fuel consumption.

Fuel consumption for boats is measured in gallons per hour . The efficiency of boat fuel is measured in pounds of fuel that are used in an hour per horsepower. In order to be able to read the calculation right, any boat owner should know that gasoline is almost 6.1 pounds per gallon while diesel is 7.2 pounds per gallon .

Usually, if you consider that all sea conditions are pristine, the fuel consumption of a normal diesel engine is 0.4 pounds per hour for each unit of horsepower.

How to calculate yacht fuel consumption

Calculating it by hand is complicated, which is why many people choose to use online calculators . The way it works is it allows you to put down certain parameters that calculate the fuel consumption. These parameters include route , units of measurement and engine power .

Lastly , what most people are interested in is actually the cost of fuel consumption per hour. So the last parameter to include is the current price of fuel . Marine websites usually include this price up to date.

Another step that people have taken is develop a boat fuel consumption chart for their own boat and find the average in a month.

Alternatively, there is a formula that calculates the maximum fuel consumption of the engine which is:

GPH = (specific fuel consumption x HP) / The specific weight of fuel

This formula determines the fuel consumption when the engine is at full speed . If the speed is decreased then the fuel consumption is decreased as well. Basically, what you need to do is include the horsepower rate of the boat and you multiply it by the specific fuel consumption average and you divide that product by the weight of the fuel.

If you want to compare your boats GPH with other boats than you can use TheBoatDB database. If you already have a boat you can register for free and compare it with other boats within the database.

These are simple methods to calculate fuel consumption, however for a precise one you would have to know all the specifics of your boat and put the parameters through the calculator.

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Welcome to the West Nautical Fuel Calculator

HOW TO USE:

To plot points on the map, click with your mouse - this will automatically update the distance table. Then enter the speed, fuel consumption, and fuel cost to determine the total cost of the trip.

Example 1: A fast 30m yacht cruising at 20 knots ( Lady Amanda ) will consume roughly 400-500 l/hour (more depending on engine type).

Exampe 2: A typical displacement yacht may cruise at 12 knots and consume 300 l/hour

Example 3: Some yachts can cruise at 10 knots ( Firefly ) and consume 100 l/hour

Example 4: A sailing catamaran can cruise at 8 knots and consume around 35 l/hour

Fuel prices can fluctuate, but typically fuel is between €0.8-1.2 per litre.

Get in touch with one of our client managers for a more accurate fuel distance calculation.

• 0 Fuel Consumed (L)
• 0 Total Cost

CALL US TODAY Fort Lauderdale: 954-467-9010 Punta Gorda: 941-505-2400

Fort lauderdale: 954-467-9010 punta gorda: 941-505-2400.

Calculating Yacht Fuel Cost

by Marine Diesel Specialists | Aug 5, 2019 | Yacht Life , Yachting Travel | 0 comments

There are many costs associated with yacht ownership, and fuel is one of the biggest concerns for yacht owners and those who charter yachts as a source of business revenue. There are many different systems within your yacht that will require diesel fuel, and new versus used marine engines will bring different fuel efficiencies that are worth considering when trying to calculate your fuel costs. Everything from how many gallons are in a yacht’s tank to the specific mileage could come down to the quality of your engine and the size of your boat. This means that, without expert help, it could be hard to calculate. That’s why the team at Marine Diesel Specialists has created this quick overview that will explain yacht fuel capacity and yacht fuel cost through nautical miles, as well as how you can calculate these costs on your own.

Nautical Mile vs. Mile

The first key in calculating yacht fuel cost is to figure out how far you will be traveling. After all, these vessels are meant to transport, and like many modern transportation methods, yacht fuel capacity and use could change due to variables such as these. Mapping out your journey will help you see how many miles you’re traveling, and then you’ll convert this to nautical miles. When calculating nautical mile vs. mile consider that nautical miles are measured in two options, either 1/60th of a degree between latitude or longitude on a map or as 1.15 US miles. Knowing the distinction between nautical miles and US miles or kilometers is a must. Some boaters may find themselves confused by their fuel use and yacht fuel cost being different from what they have anticipated.

Finding the Cost of Marine Diesel Fuel With Nautical Miles

If you’re choosing your destination on a traditional map, each 1/60 th  of a degree on your map will calculate as a nautical mile. This is a fast and easy way to calculate fuel consumption using just a map and compass if you are not using a GPS when planning your nautical voyages. For those of us who are using GPS tools or digital maps, one nautical mile is about 1.15 miles or 1,852 meters. Traditionally, a knot is the speed of one nautical mile per hour. Many people use online mapping services as a way to get an accurate measurement of the distance they will be traveling on their journey. Using all the available resources when matching fuel cost to the yacht fuel capacity and how it relates to distance is always a good idea.

How to Calculate the Cost of Marine Diesel

Now that you know the nautical miles between your starting point and destination and have gotten an accurate measurement by using the tips and resources stated in this article, you can analyze your vessel’s average fuel consumption to figure out your yacht fuel costs. The exact rate of fuel cost per hour will vary from yacht to yacht, depending on engine type, age, upkeep, and more. Having more reliable and efficient engines, such as MAN diesel marine engines, will be a benefit due to their reliability and efficiency.

On average, a quality marine diesel engine will burn about 0.4 pounds of fuel per hour for each unit of horsepower. Other factors, such as water conditions, drag, and vessel weight, will also increase your fuel burn, so they are important to keep in mind during your voyage. In typical and relatively calm conditions, a 300-horsepower diesel engine would burn 16.6 gallons of diesel fuel per hour with variance based on the previously stated factors. You would then combine this fuel consumption per hour with the number of nautical miles to be traveled and the expected travel time to calculate your yacht fuel cost.

Knowing how to calculate marine fuel prices using nautical miles is a skill that every boater should be proud to have. It will come in handy many more times than they would think. Once you have mastered this form of preparation for a nautical adventure, you’re going to be able to get more accurate information in less time using just a few tools and a wealth of knowledge gained from experience.

Our Expert Marine Diesel Services Are Here to Help

Marine fuel is typically sold by the liter or gallon, and the prices vary depending on the time of year and other factors. Keep an eye out for any trends you may have noticed in previous years, and use that knowledge to plan out your purchases effectively. As stated before, yacht fuel cost can be affected by the quality of your marine diesel engine, which is why it is important to have the best engines available!

Get in touch with our Fort Lauderdale Marine Diesel Specialists experts or our Punta Gorda Gulf Coast Diesel Service professionals to learn all about the products we offer. We are certified vendors of MAN marine engines, along with a long list of other brands that are sure to be the perfect fit for you. If you are interested in boat servicing and repairs , which can be done by our marine rebuild specialists, you’ll also find yourself in luck with our team.

If you want to learn more about all things marine engines, be sure to take a look at some of our other articles and get insights from professionals in the industry who have years of experience dealing with marine diesel and MAN engines.

Related Readings

• Marine Diesel Fuel Explained
• When and Why to Change Oil in Your Boat Engines

Our Marine Diesel Specialists offer a variety of products and services to provide marine diesel solutions in Fort Lauderdale and Punta Gorda. Our authorized MAN Engine dealers can offer expert maintenance, repair, and survey services, as well as complete engine, transmission, and generator overhauls. If you are seeking top-quality marine diesel solutions, products, or services, don’t wait to contact our Marine Diesel Specialists and Gulf Coast Diesel Service.

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Fuel consumption and range values for motoryachts

With sample measurements on a grand banks 36 my trawler data source: powerboat & motoryacht magazine.

We all know, we all hear, that consumption, range, noise and engine wear are strongly related to the engine revolutions. The data below show that these relations are beyond the imagination of most of us.

All what has been done is that a boat was run with varying engine revolutions and consumption, speed and noise were recorded.

1. Speed of the vessel is the variable least depending on engine revs. When the engine revs are 1000-1 speed is 6.3 knots. When the engine is revved up to 2650-1 , the speed has increased to 15.7 knots. 2. Range, way made good per unit fuel and hourly consumption are highly dependent on the engine revs. As an example, while at 1000-1 revs the hourly fuel consumption is 7.6 liters. At 2650-1 revs this has increased to 84.9 liters. Thus, the hourly consumption has increased more than TEN fold. At the same time, range and way made good per unit fuel has decreased FIVE fold. At this example the “good” revs are 1500 – 1750 revs. Specially the green curves show the “hump” at these revs. Above these revs the range drops more significantly.

In summary, whoever runs his/her engines calmly, reduces engine wear, saves money and has the comfort of a larger range. Whoever “beats” the engines harm the environment and themselves..

The speed has been measured as average of two direction by radar.

Source:  Powerboat & Motoryacht, January 1996, page 92

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Calculating Boat Fuel Consumption

• By Brett Becker
• Updated: September 30, 2019

Calculating a boats fuel consumption proves important to boaters for number of reasons. With knowledge of a boat’s fuel economy-how much fuel the boat burns per mile or nautical mile of travel-boaters can estimate the range they can safely expect to run.

Some boaters go as far as to develop a boat fuel consumption chart for their boat. You can use any Boating boat test as a model for this. Of course, you can also install a fuel consumption monitor if your boat’s engine does not provide a fuel consumption readout.

Additionally, knowing your boat’s fuel consumption provides a good idea of how much it will cost you to operate the boat. When shopping for a new boat or marine engine, fuel consumption provides a major basis of comparison.

Estimating Your Boat’s Fuel Burn

It’s a different story with a boat. Since sea conditions vary more widely than road conditions, the time it takes to cover a distance varies more, so fuel consumption is measured in gallons per hour. Also, while many engines have fuel flow readouts , the ability to estimate fuel burn while shopping for a boat or engine is important. You measure fuel efficiency in pounds of fuel used per horsepower developed per hour. The pros call it “brake-specific fuel consumption.” This makes it important to know that gasoline weighs about 6.1 pounds per gallon and diesel fuel 7.2 pounds per gallon.

On average, an in-tune four-stroke gasoline engine will burn about 0.50 pounds of fuel per hour for each unit of horsepower. Likewise, a well-maintained diesel engine burns about 0.4 pounds of fuel per hour for each unit of horsepower it produces. These figures don’t take drag of the boat, sea conditions, or efficiency losses through transmissions and bearings into account. But they provide an excellent relative difference between engines when shopping.

Confused yet? Look at the mathematical examples below, and a boat’s fuel economy should become clear.

Boat Fuel Consumption Formulas and Calculator

Below is the Formula to Estimate Maximum Engine Fuel Consumption.

GPH = (specific fuel consumption x HP)/Fuel Specific Weight

Constants | Gas | Diesel SFC: .50 lb. per HP | .40 lb. per HP FSW: 6.1 lb. per gal. | 7.2 lb per gal.

300-hp Diesel Engine Example GPH = (0.4 x 300)/ 7.2 = 120/7.2 = 16.6 GPH

300-hp Gasoline Engine Example GPH = (0.50 x 300)/ 6.1 = 150/6.1 = 24.5 GPH

Keep in mind that these formulas apply when the engine is making peak horsepower, which usually is near wide-open throttle. Fuel consumption will be decreased at cruising speeds. Also remember that engines with electronically-managed fuel injection and direct injection will yield higher fuel efficiency .

To apply these formulas to your boat, just plug in its horsepower rating and multiply it by the specific fuel consumption average, then divide the product by the fuel specific weight.

Another way is to take the total engine horsepower and divide it by 10 for gas engines or .06 for diesel engines. As you can see, this formula is simpler to calculate and easier to remember. You don’t even need a pencil and paper. It’s just not as accurate as the formulas above. The result represents the approximate gallons per hour the engine will burn at wide-open throttle. For example, a 150-horse engine will use about 15 gallons per hour. Though these figures represent averages and can vary from 10 to 20 percent, they’ll put you in the ballpark so you can plan a long-distance cruise without fear of running out of gas . You can also keep track of your boat’s fuel consumption by installing a fuel monitor.

• More: Engines , fuel consumption , How-To

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How Much Fuel Does a Sailboat Use?

Whenever I dream about long passages, I always wonder how much fuel a sailboat uses. I want to know how much fuel I should bring to carry on. So I crunched the numbers and in this article I'll share my results with you.

How much fuel does a sailboat use? Typically, an average sailboat uses between 1 - 2 gallons per hour. Small sailboats with smaller engines will use about 0.5 - 1 gallon per hour. Large sailboats use between 2 - 3 GPH. Of course, fuel consumption greatly varies with different engine sizes and water and weather conditions.

I'll go into the different factors that affect fuel consumption below. But first, let's get some ballpark figures for different sailboat sizes.

On this page:

Fuel consumption for different sizes, factors that affect fuel consumption, how to optimize fuel economy, how much fuel should i carry, related questions.

We measure fuel consumption in Gallons Per Hour (GPH), because the time the engine is running is the only fixed variable here. The distance you cover isn't fixed at all. Most sailboats cruise at a speed of 4 - 8 knots under engine. So the range on one hour of motoring can be anywhere from 4 - 8 nautical miles.

Of course, the size of the boat (and engine) and fuel consumption are related. So let's take a look at what different sizes use on average:

• small sailboats use on average 0.5 - 1 GPH
• mid-sized sailboats use on average 0.9 - 2 GPH
• large sailboats use on average 1.8 - 3.3 GPH

Larger 50HP engines may use up to 2.5 GPH if the conditions are bad and you max it out at, let's say, 8 knots.

Let's get a bit more detailed even. I want to know a range for each engine size. I've found the average fuel consumption in the Yanmar manual.

• Yanmar uses an average fuel consumption of 170 grams per hour per horsepower . - I want to remind you that these are the manufacturer's numbers, so they're probably optimistic.
• So I've also added a more conservative estimate, based on 250 grams per hour per horsepower .

So if you want to calculate your engine's fuel consumption, simply multiply 170 or 250 with the amount of HP. The number is in liters, you have to convert it to gallons.

Here are the manufacturers estimates:

Here are my estimates for bad conditions:.

As you can see, fuel use widely varies. There are a lot of factors that determine how much your engine actually burn. Some of them are:

• engine size, type, and power
• hull type and shape
• wind direction
• water conditions

Engine size and power - Larger engines use more fuel. But if you're engine is too small, it could potentially use more fuel. The engine has to work too hard making it rev up (it runs on maximum RPM), burning more fuel. Most of the times people have too big of an engine, and sailboats don't require very large engines. But if you're on the open sea and have a large boat (let's say 40' and up), you want something stronger to deal with the current and wind. Most sailboats are fine with a 30HP engine in most circumstances.

There are some other engine factors, like type the number of cylinders. 2-stroke engines are more powerful but also use a lot more fuel for example. The right size propellor is also important.

If you want to read more on how to choose the right engine size, I've written this short guide on calculating the right size. You can find it here .

Hull type and shape - The shape of the hull determines how much water it displaces. The bulkier the shape, the more water it has to push away, so the more fuel it uses. Also, multihulls displace a lot less water, making them way more efficient. You'll see when you drive a catamaran: it uses WAY less fuel. Flat bottom boats use even less (but are less appropriate for sailing).

Wind direction - Driving straight into a headwind could almost double fuel consumption. Strong winds create high waves which will cause your fuel economy to sink.

Water conditions - As mentioned, high waves are not good for fuel consumption. If you have to head into a strong current, that's not good as well. Very strong (ocean) currents can also double the burn rate.

If you need to save your fuel, but you need to get out, for example in an emergency, you want to make sure you get as far as possible as fast as possible. So how to make it happen?

Don't drive at hull speed . This will cause the engine to rev up to maximum RPM. Engines are most efficient between 75-85% of their maximum RPM. It really improves mileage a lot if you take it down a knot.

Find the right course . Take the wind direction and current into account. Just as you would while sailing (but don't go overboard with this either).

Reduce the weight . If you carry ballast, now is the time to unload it. Lowering weight means a lot more range on that tank.

Pick the right engine size . Don't overpower and don't underpower your boat. You want your engine to run at the optimal RPM.

Choose the right prop size - The right propellor is crucial to get an efficiently-running motor. Too small and the engine will rev up in the red, too large and the engine won't even come near the sweet spot.

Make sure your hull is clean. A clean and waxed hull really helps with reducing friction from the water, so it increases your mileage.

Don't drive at maximal hull speed. If you have the right engine size, the optimal speed should be about 2/3 of the maximum hull speed.

Want to know the maximum hull speed for different boat lengths? Check my article with lots of examples here .

If you want to find the sweet spot for your motor, you need to find the specific fuel consumption curve of the engine (SFC) and also the propulsion efficiency curve. The best advice I can give here is to ask the salesperson you've bought the engine from. He or she usually has the data.

Taking it easy on speed is also better for the engine, so it will last longer and require less maintenance.

But it might not be worth your time. Sometimes you just want to get out there fast. Sure, by cruising at 6 knots instead of 8, you increased your range with (let's say) 10%, but you've also increased your drive time by dozens of hours.

Some sailors would argue the more the better. And sure, it's tempting to rev up the engine once you reach 3 or 4 knots. Especially if you have a long way ahead of you. But more fuel means more weight means more fuel consumption. So what's the sweet spot?

I'd say the ideal range for ocean passage is about 400-500 NM of fuel. The average motoring speed of sailboats is 6 knots. That translates to roughly 60-80 hours of motor time. At 2 GPH, you would need about 125-160 gallons of fuel.

If your boat is a bit more efficient, let's say 1 GPH, you would need about 60 - 80 gallons.

How Many Gallons of Fuel Does a Sailboat Hold? On average, a sailboat holds anywhere between 30 - 60 gallons of fuel on board. This provides a theoretical range of 350 - 600 nautical miles at a fuel consumption of 0.5 GPH. In practice, fuel consumption averages at 1 GPH, making the range 200 - 300 NM.

shane johnson

man i had a real hard time trying to find real info on fuel regards sail and power vessels. ime tearing my hair out deciding on a liveaboard for me over here in australia, i will be working sometimes so at a marina and other times out on the reef or werever the fish are. ime looking at a great fitted out light 50 footer with 2 yanmar 40 hp in her at the same time a steel 40 fter with sails and 2 50 hp diesels in her.all sails are furling including the mainsail and in my head i think sail would be a safety advantage wouldnt it? but the other is top shelf with room fitout electrics and weight. being 8 ton the steel being 12 ton.

Shawn Buckles

Hi Shane, glad you find the article helpful. If you’re a sailor, I’d say sails are definitely a great backup to have. Personally, I’d only go for the one with sails if I plan on actually sailing the vessel. If not, I’d opt for the larger, fully-outfitted one.

Well, in any case, you’ll have plenty of horses!

Great article. I did spot a calculation error in the fuel numbers. Try applying the specific gravity of diesel fuel to convert from mass in grams to liters of diesel fuel. A typical number for diesel is .823 g/L.

Multiply the results in the tables above by 1/.823 = 1.215 to get the correct consumption results.

e.g. 10 HP @ BSFC of 250g/hr would be 2.5Kg/hr * 1.215 = 3.04L/hr.

David van Niekerk

Dankie Shown Buckles I’m from the Boland (South Africa). I find your article very OK. I know now the fuel consumption of a normal sailboat@ 8kn (14.64km/u) is about 5.1 LPH. BUT, wat is the fuel consumption of a catamaran or even the newe hydrofoil’s? (A small aircraft is about 10+ LPH @80-100km/h)

Leave a comment

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How Much Fuel Does a 40 Foot Boat Use?

If you are a boat owner or planning to buy one, one of the most important questions you might have is, “How much fuel does a 40-foot boat use?” The answer to this question depends on several factors such as the type of boat, the engine’s horsepower, the weight of the vessel and its load, and many others.

Factors that Affect Fuel Consumption

The fuel consumption of a 40-foot boat varies based on various factors. Let’s look at some of them in detail:

Type of Boat: Boats come in different shapes and sizes, each designed for a specific purpose. Some boats are built for speed and maneuverability; others are crafted for comfort and luxury. The type of boat you have will significantly impact fuel consumption.

Engine Horsepower: The engine horsepower determines how much power your boat can generate. A higher horsepower engine will consume more fuel than a lower horsepower engine.

The Weight of the Vessel: The weight of your vessel plays a vital role in fuel consumption. The heavier your boat is, the more power it needs to move through water.

The Load: How much weight you carry onboard also affects fuel consumption. If you have more people or cargo aboard your vessel, it will require more power to move through water.

Fuel Consumption Calculation

Calculating how much fuel your 40-foot boat uses is not an exact science as there are many variables involved. However, there is a general formula that can give us an estimate.

Fuel Consumption (GPH) = Engine Horsepower / Fuel Efficiency (GPH/HP)

For example, if your 40-foot boat has an engine with 600 horsepower and a fuel efficiency rating of 0.5 gallons per hour per horsepower (GPH/HP), then its fuel consumption rate would be:

Fuel Consumption (GPH) = 600 / 0.5 Fuel Consumption (GPH) = 1200 gallons per hour

Remember, this is just an estimate, and actual fuel consumption may vary based on the factors mentioned above.

Tips to Reduce Fuel Consumption

While fuel consumption is a crucial aspect of boating, there are ways to reduce it. Here are some tips to help you save fuel:

• Reduce Speed: The faster you go, the more fuel you consume. By reducing your speed, you can save a considerable amount of fuel.
• Regular Maintenance: Regular maintenance of your boat’s engine can help it run efficiently and reduce fuel consumption.
• Lighten the Load: Reducing the weight onboard your vessel can significantly impact its fuel consumption rate.
• Use Wind Power: If you have sails on your boat, use them to take advantage of the wind. This will reduce the need for engine power and save fuel.

In Conclusion

The amount of fuel that a 40-foot boat uses depends on various factors such as engine horsepower, type of boat, weight and load capacity. While estimating exactly how much fuel your boat will use is not an exact science, knowing these factors can help give you a better understanding of what to expect.

7 Related Question Answers Found

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Daniel Bennet

Sailing Catamaran Fuel Consumption Data From Owners!

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As much as I love turning off the engine and only using the sails, sometimes I have found myself in situations where I was forced to rely on engine power. Situations like a brewing storm or the need to head straight into the wind.

Understanding catamaran fuel efficiency and how far you can go on a certain amount of fuel is vital to keep you away from bad situations.

Catamarans are more (fuel) efficient than a monohull (regular sailboat). During calm conditions, while powering under one engine, fuel consumption is between 0.3 gallons per hour (gph, of diesel) and 1.1 gph according to the data collected.

Below I have gathered fuel consumption data from catamaran owners.

Table of Contents

What Impacts Catamaran Fuel Economy?

Worth noticing is that going from one engine to two engines doesnt increase your speed by very much, but it doubles your fuel consumption.

Turning on engine number two will give us seven kts and fuel consumption of 4 L per hour. That’s actually a pretty good “return on investment” since the Catalac only gets one kts of extra speed while doubling fuel burn. Slowing down will almost always save fuel ( source )

Below are more of the data I have collected, let’s take a look at what it says.

The conclusion? Speed comes at a premium.

Time until empty

This column is based on the lowest possible fuel consumption with one engine. This is the number of hours that you are able to cruise when starting with full fuel tanks.

Distance until empty

This is how far in Nautical Miles, you are able to sail at cruising speed with one engine.

How You Can Improve Sailboat Fuel Efficiency, 10 Tips!

1. drive your boat as you drive your car.

Ok, maybe not as how you actually drive it, but the way your teacher told you to drive it, accelerate slowly, keep a steady throttle, and avoid high revs.

Every engine has an RPM (revolutions per minute) where the engine works the most efficiently; this is the sweet spot where you want to drive the boat.

This is usually around 75-80% of max RPM.

This RPM is not the same as the RPM of your boat’s top speed, but something you should consult is the datasheet of your engine, usually, this is somewhere between 2000- 2900 RPM on diesel, and 3000 – 4000 RPM on a gasoline engine.

Save fuel on your catamaran by   slowly accelerating and then keeping your boat in the RPM range stated in the datasheet; this will ensure you get the engine’s optimum efficiency.

Set the RPM, check if the speed is enough to get you where you want in the time you have, if you are ok with the numbers, then just relax and enjoy fuel economy at work (if there’s ever such a thing on a boat…)

2. Keep the Boat Light

Getting a boat to move requires energy, getting a heavier boat to move requires even more energy; keeping your boat light will significantly enhance your fuel economy.

Firstly, the boat will ride higher on the water; this means less underwater drag. Drag is something that dramatically impacts speed; this is one reason why Catamarans are faster than conventional sailboats/monohulls.

Removing weight can be done by only packing the stuff you need for the planned trip, this means that maybe you dont need full tanks of diesel and water, which can be more than a ton of weight. 

3. Use Your Sails When You Can

Using your sails when motoring will be more than doing just one of the two separately. See it as adding another engine, even if you were only doing 0.5 kts with the sails, these 0.5 kts will make the engine work less hard and thus decrease the amount of fuel needed to travel at the same speed.

Or, you can go faster with the same consumption.

4. Keep Your Hulls and Propeller Clean 

Keeping everything below the waterline clean, just as discussed above, the more surface area under the boat, the more drag.

If the surface is is also uneven due to barnacles, then this also increases drag.

This is important for the boat to move smoothly through the water, but it is also vital for the efficiency of the props. 

A prop that is uneven and not in a hydrodynamically good state will be less efficient and will require higher RPMs to move the boat at the same speed as a clean and shiny one.

5. Avoid Going Straight into the Wind

Since a catamaran has such a high profile, it will catch wind even though there are no sails up, so if you head straight into the wind and waves, this will definitely slow down the boat’s speed.

Try going close to shore, where the winds might change in a favorable condition.

6. Running One or Two Engines?

On most catamarans you can run either one or both engines, as stated in the tables above, running two engines is mainly for increasing speed and not fuel efficiency.

You might gain a knot or two, but your fuel cost will almost double in most cases. 

If you choose to run your cat only on one engine, there are some significant savings to be done; just make sure you dont overstrain the machinery. Stay within reasonable RPM, as stated by the manufacturer, around 2000-3500. And when you need to go quick, start up the other engine and head for that bridge opening in time 🙂

The last tip on running two engines, try to run them for about the same amount of hours, this means they will be serviced and repaired at around the same time and will be in the same good condition.

7. Keep Your Engines in Good Shape

Service and maintenance play a part in fuel economy, although not as much as I think many people believe. Some aspects should be kept a careful eye on. Air filters can clog, this means the fuel to air mixture will be wrong, you won’t get the right amount of HP, and you will feel inclined to give it more throttle than needed.

Make sure you service or change your air filters regularly , so they are able to give your engines the fresh air they deserve! 

The same applies to fuel filters, although these usually can’t be inspected, make sure you change them according to your service manual , and if your dont have a manual, change it once a year.

Other stuff, such as timing, fuel pumps that you could check, but I would only mess around with those if you suspect that your fuel consumption is abnormally high.

8. Track Your Fuel Consumption

Every engine is a little bit unique if you find a way to measure your fuel consumption and record parameters such as; RPM, amount of diesel consumed, external conditions(waves, winds, currents, etc.), and boat condition (approximate weight).

Then you will know your fuel economy with reasonable precision. This makes trip planning more exact, and you dont have to bring extra fuel(increased weight). 

One way to measure is to get a fuel measure instrument such as this one ( Amazon link)

9. Using a Foldable prop

The foldable prop is just as it sounds; it is a propeller that can maintain two different positions.

When the prop is folded, the blades go from looking like a fan to something that makes way more hydrodynamical sense.

According to flexofold, the folding prop improves sailing performance by around 15%. Another cool thing is that once folded, the risk of getting stuck in a net or fishing line is also reduced.  

And when you turn your engine on and start revving it up, the blades fold out, and off you go!  

10. Electric conversion

So if you really want to save on diesel costs, then maybe an electric motor is an option. Although running on electricity isn’t free (you will have to charge them somehow), it can be a cheap option in the long run.

Electric conversions are getting more and more common and, therefore, also cheaper. The basic idea is that you switch your diesel engine for an electric motor, and instead of diesel fuel tanks, you will have a lithium battery bank.

These can be charged through solar, wind, or connected to a power source in the marina.

Going electric is different in some ways; let’s take a look. Firstly going electric is a more silent option.

You won’t have the diesel engine’s noise, although you will still have the noise from the prop, so just as an electric car is very silent when moving slow, once you get the boat going up to speed, the sound will also significantly increase.

Another more positive change is that you no longer will have to smell diesel fumes, refill diesel, or service all those parts. 

Here is a video of Sailing Uma running their electric motor.

How To Calculate Fuel Consumption

There is an easy way to calculate approximately how much an engine is able to burn at full throttle.

The calculation is an estimate and is based on full-throttle action, something that hopefully you won’t have to do for much longer than a few minutes at a time.

The calculations will give you an idea of how much fuel you will need. 

Are Catamarans More Efficient than other Sailboats?

Due to the low drag (small wetted surface), low weight (no keel), and narrow hulls catamarans are more fuel-efficient than a comparable keelboat/monohull. This makes a catamaran more efficient whether under sail or when motoring.

Catamarans will therefore burn less fuel than heavy keelboats.

The lower weight is mainly due to not needing a lead keel to balance the forces interacting with the sails. There is no need for a keel since the catamaran is stabilized by having a wide beam(that means the boat has a broad base).

When the wind acts on the sail and pushes it to one side, the force is transferred to the leeward hull(the side that is not faced towards the wind).

A boat that has less drag, and weighs less, will need less energy to move. This means your boat will go faster at the same wind speed or if you are motoring, the ship will use less fuel.

How To Calculate Fuel Costs

Before you are able to calculate your fuel costs you need to gather some information. These are;

Approximate hours(h) you will run the engine (s) Approximate hours(h) you will run the generator Gallons per hour, gph, Generator Gallons per hour, gph, engine Price of fuel

Once you have gathered the information you can continue to the next step.

(Engine time in hours * gph Engine) * Price of Fuel = Cost of Engine Fuel (Generator time in hours * gph Generator) * Price of Fuel = Cost of Generator Fuel Cost of Engine Fuel + Cost of Generator Fuel = Total Fuel Cost 

This is a basic equation you can use when summing up the total cost of your fuel usage. You have to take into consideration different fuel costs if you’re using a standalone gasoline generator.

If you dont have a standalone generator, but you need more electricity I can recommend this one from Honda, it is the same one that I used when I was sailing the Caribbean, it is not the most high-end, but it did what it was supposed to.

Link to Amazon (actually they do not seem to have the one I used, but this looks similar)

Why Do Catamarans Have Engines?

Sailboats have diesel or gasoline engines for a few reasons; to maneuver in and out of a marina, travel when there is no wind, generate electricity, and increase speed when there is little wind.

You might think that having an engine on a sailboat is unnecessary, you have the sails, right? 

Well, sailing is fantastic, but it is tough to sail in a confined area such as in a marina or through a tight section through a canal.

If you want to go upwind, many times on a catamaran, it is much faster and more comfortable to motor straight into the wind instead of tacking (turning from one side to another).

Another aspect is when there is wind but only enough for maybe 1-2 knots; then, you can combine motoring with sailing to make the boat faster and more efficient.

How Long Can You Run The Engine on full throttle?

This is a question I sometimes get; there are different ways to answer this.

The longest time you can continuously run your diesel or gasoline engine on full throttle is until it either overheats, runs out of gas, or gets destroyed.

That’s the short answer; the long answer is that it depends on the engine’s condition, the load on the engine, and how good is the cooling

Let’s start by looking at engine condition. If you want to get the maximum possible horsepower out of your engine for the most extended amount of time you should know that it’s going to take its toll on the engine.

This is not something I would recommend if the engine is something that you are dependent upon working, 

A well-maintained diesel or gasoline engine can go for days on full throttle as long as the engine load is balanced, hindering it from over-revving and causing it to break.

This is under the assumption that there is necessary cooling to the engine, which is not always the case if you are talking about a catamaran or any other engine that is in confined spaces and made for reasonably low RPM.

If all of those criteria are met, it will probably run until there’s no more diesel in the tanks.

Here are Some of My Favorite Catamaran Cruising Resources

Thank you for reading this article. I hope you found it helpful as you hopefully start your sailing adventures. Here are some resources that I use as a sailor that I hope you’ll also find helpful. These are affiliate links, so if you do decide to use any of them, I’ll earn a commission. But in all honesty, these are the exact things that I use and recommend to everyone, even my own family. Sailboats: If you’re looking for the best boat to suit your needs, I would recommend a catamaran. If you’re interested, I can show you the differences between catamarans and other types of sailboats .

Books:  For getting started, I really like  Cruising catamarans made easy . It is actually a textbook from the American sailing association; it is used to get a cruising catamaran certification. There are some other great books, and I have compiled a list of books about cruising catamarans that you will find useful.

Communication:  Being out on adventures, whether it be sailing or climbing mountains, good communications are essential to being safe. I recommend two things Google fi (incredibly simple cellular data all over the world) and Garmin inreach mini (for text and voice in remote areas without cell coverage)

Sailing courses: Online sailing courses are great for beginners starting out their sailing career; it’s an efficient way of learning the basics of navigation, throttle controls, and maritime safety. I suggest starting with two free courses from NauticEd .

To see all my most up-to-date recommendations,  check out this resource  that I made for you!

Owner of CatamaranFreedom.com. A minimalist that has lived in a caravan in Sweden, 35ft Monohull in the Bahamas, and right now in his self-built Van. He just started the next adventure, to circumnavigate the world on a Catamaran!

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How Much Fuel Does a Boat Use Per Hour? A Comprehensive Guide

Boating enthusiasts and boat owners alike often wonder how much fuel their boat uses per hour.

The answer to the question of how much fuel does a boat use is not straightforward, as fuel consumption can vary depending on several factors. Boat size, weight, engine type, and speed are just a few examples of the variables that can affect fuel usage.

Understanding how much fuel a boat uses per hour is crucial for boaters who want to plan their trips and budget accordingly. Furthermore, knowing how to calculate fuel consumption can help boaters make informed decisions when shopping for a new boat or engine.

In this article, we will explore the factors that influence fuel consumption in boats and provide tips on how to estimate fuel usage. By the end of this article, readers will have a better understanding of how much fuel their boat uses per hour and how to optimize their fuel consumption.

Understanding Fuel Consumption in Boats

Boat fuel consumption can vary significantly depending on various factors. Understanding these factors is crucial to estimate how much fuel a boat will consume in a given period. This section will discuss some of the critical factors that affect fuel consumption and how to calculate it.

Factors Affecting Fuel Consumption

• Boat Type and Size: The type and size of the boat have a significant impact on fuel consumption. Smaller boats tend to consume less fuel than larger boats. For example, a 20-foot boat will consume less fuel than a 40-foot boat with the same engine.
• Engine Type and Size: The type and size of the engine also play a crucial role in fuel consumption. A larger engine will consume more fuel than a smaller engine, even if both are of the same type. Gasoline engines tend to consume more fuel than diesel engines.
• Weight: The weight of the boat and its load can affect fuel consumption. A heavier boat will require more fuel to move than a lighter boat.
• Speed: The speed at which the boat is traveling can significantly impact fuel consumption. Boats that travel at higher speeds tend to consume more fuel than boats that travel at lower speeds.
• Weather and Water Conditions: Weather and water conditions can affect fuel consumption. Boats traveling against the tide or in rough water will consume more fuel than boats traveling with the tide or in calm water.

Calculating How Much Fuel Does a Boat Use Per Hour

To calculate fuel consumption, you need to know the fuel burn rate of the engine. The fuel burn rate is the amount of fuel the engine consumes per hour. You can calculate the fuel burn rate by dividing the engine’s horsepower by the fuel consumption rate.

For example, if an engine has a horsepower of 100 and consumes 10 gallons of fuel per hour, the fuel burn rate would be 10/100, which is 0.1 gallons per horsepower per hour.

Once you know the fuel burn rate, you can estimate how much fuel the boat will consume in a given period. For example, if the boat travels at a speed of 20 knots and has a fuel burn rate of 0.1 gallons per horsepower per hour, and the engine has 200 horsepower, the boat will consume 20 gallons of fuel per hour.

In conclusion, understanding fuel consumption in boats requires knowledge of several critical factors, including boat type and size, engine type and size, weight, speed, and weather and water conditions. Calculating fuel consumption involves determining the fuel burn rate of the engine and estimating how much fuel the boat will consume in a given period.

Types of Boats and Their Fuel Consumption

When it comes to fuel consumption, different types of boats have different requirements. Factors such as the boat’s size, weight, and speed all play a role in determining how much fuel it will consume per hour. Here are some common types of boats and their typical fuel consumption rates.

Fishing Boats

Fishing boats are typically smaller and slower than other types of boats, which means they use less fuel. On average, a fishing boat will use between 3 and 8 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

Pontoon Boats

Pontoon boats are popular for leisurely cruising and entertaining. They are larger than fishing boats and have a flat bottom, which makes them more stable. However, this also means they use more fuel. A pontoon boat will typically use between 5 and 15 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

Bass boats are designed for fishing and are typically smaller and faster than other types of boats. They are also more fuel-efficient, using between 3 and 6 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

Center Console Boats

Center console boats are versatile and can be used for fishing, cruising, and water sports. They are larger than bass boats and typically use between 10 and 20 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

Cabin Cruiser Boats

Cabin cruiser boats are designed for overnight trips and have a cabin with sleeping quarters and a bathroom. They are larger and heavier than other types of boats, which means they use more fuel. A cabin cruiser boat will typically use between 20 and 30 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

Bowrider Boats

Bowrider boats are popular for water sports and leisurely cruising. They are typically smaller than cabin cruiser boats but larger than fishing boats. A bowrider boat will typically use between 5 and 15 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

Overall, the fuel consumption of a boat depends on various factors such as boat size, weight, and speed. Understanding the fuel consumption of different types of boats can help you make an informed decision when choosing a boat that meets your needs while minimizing your fuel costs.

Engine Size and Power

Understanding horsepower.

When it comes to boat engines, horsepower is a crucial factor in determining how much fuel a boat will consume per hour. Horsepower is a measure of the engine’s power output, and it directly affects the speed and performance of the boat. The more horsepower an engine has, the faster the boat will go, but it will also consume more fuel.

How Engine Size Affects Fuel Consumption

Another important factor that affects fuel consumption is the engine size. The size of the engine is measured in horsepower, and it can range from small outboard motors with 9.9 hp to large inboard engines with over 300 hp. In general, larger engines consume more fuel than smaller engines, but they also provide more power and speed.

The type of engine is also important when it comes to fuel consumption. Two-stroke engines are known to be less fuel efficient than four-stroke engines, but they are also lighter and provide more power. Four-stroke engines, on the other hand, are more fuel efficient and produce less emissions , but they are heavier and provide less power.

The weight of the boat and the drag created by the hull also play a role in fuel consumption. Heavier boats require more power to move through the water, which means they will consume more fuel. Boats with a sleek, streamlined hull design will create less drag and require less power to move through the water, resulting in lower fuel consumption.

Here is a table that shows the average fuel consumption for different engine sizes:

It’s important to note that these numbers are just averages, and actual fuel consumption will depend on a variety of factors, including boat weight , hull design, and weather conditions.

Cruising Speed and Fuel Efficiency

Understanding cruising speed.

Cruising speed is the speed at which a boat travels comfortably and efficiently. It is important to understand that cruising speeds vary depending on the type of boat, weather conditions, water conditions, and the number of passengers on board. In general, most boats have a cruising speed of around 20-30 knots.

When a boat is traveling at its cruising speed, it is operating at its most efficient fuel consumption rate. Going faster than the cruising speed can result in a significant increase in fuel consumption. On the other hand, going slower than the cruising speed can also result in increased fuel consumption as the boat struggles to maintain speed.

How to Optimize Fuel Efficiency

To optimize fuel efficiency, it is important to find the ideal cruising speed for your boat. This can be done by conducting a fuel consumption test. Take a piece of paper and make a table, or use a spreadsheet, listing out the rpm, speed in mph, and amount of fuel burned per hour, or gph. Divide the speed by the gph, and you’ll get mpg.

To further optimize fuel efficiency, consider the following tips:

• Reduce weight on board: The more weight on board, the more fuel the boat will consume. Remove any unnecessary items to reduce weight.
• Maintain the boat: A well-maintained boat will operate more efficiently and consume less fuel.
• Adjust trim: Adjusting the trim of the boat can help reduce drag and increase fuel efficiency.
• Monitor weather and water conditions: Rough weather and choppy waters can cause the boat to consume more fuel. Avoid these conditions when possible.

In conclusion, understanding cruising speed and optimizing fuel efficiency can help reduce fuel consumption and save money. Conducting a fuel consumption test and following these tips can help you find the ideal cruising speed for your boat and reduce fuel consumption.

Fuel Costs and Maintenance

Boat ownership comes with a set of responsibilities that extend beyond simply enjoying the water. One of the most significant factors to consider is the cost of fuel and maintenance.

Calculating Fuel Costs

Fuel costs are a significant expense for boat owners, and calculating them can be challenging. The amount of fuel a boat uses per hour depends on several factors, including the size and weight of the vessel, the type of engine, and the speed at which it is traveling.

Boat owners can use a fuel consumption calculator to estimate how much fuel their vessel will consume based on these factors. It is important to remember that fuel prices can vary depending on the marina and the type of fuel used.

Fuel-Efficient Boats

Fuel-efficient boats are becoming increasingly popular among boat owners due to the cost savings they offer. These boats are designed with fuel efficiency in mind and typically have smaller engines that consume less fuel.

Boat owners can also take steps to make their vessels more fuel-efficient, such as reducing their speed, maintaining their engines, and properly inflating their tires.

Maintenance Tips

Proper maintenance is crucial for keeping a boat in good working condition and minimizing fuel costs. Boat owners should regularly inspect their vessels for any signs of wear and tear and address any issues promptly.

Regular engine maintenance, such as oil changes and filter replacements, can also help improve fuel efficiency and reduce the risk of breakdowns. Boat owners should also ensure that their boats are properly cleaned and stored to prevent damage from the elements.

In conclusion, fuel costs and maintenance are significant expenses for boat owners to consider. By calculating fuel costs, investing in fuel-efficient boats, and practicing proper maintenance, boat owners can minimize their expenses and enjoy their vessels for years to come.

Frequently Asked Questions

What is the average fuel consumption for a boat per hour.

The average fuel consumption for a boat per hour varies depending on several factors such as the size and type of the boat, the engine’s horsepower, and the speed at which the boat is traveling. As a general rule of thumb, a small boat with a 25-horsepower engine can consume around 2-3 gallons of fuel per hour, while a larger boat with a 200-horsepower engine can consume around 20-30 gallons of fuel per hour.

How do I calculate fuel usage for a boat trip?

To calculate fuel usage for a boat trip, you need to know the boat’s fuel consumption rate, the distance to be covered, and the speed at which you will be traveling. You can use an online fuel consumption calculator or a fuel flow meter to determine the boat’s fuel consumption rate. Once you have this information, you can estimate how much fuel you will need for your trip.

What is the fuel efficiency of a 26-foot boat?

The fuel efficiency of a 26-foot boat depends on several factors such as the boat’s weight, the engine’s horsepower, and the speed at which the boat is traveling. On average, a 26-foot boat with a 250-horsepower engine can consume around 20-25 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

How much fuel does a 50-foot boat use per hour?

The amount of fuel a 50-foot boat uses per hour depends on several factors such as the boat’s weight, the engine’s horsepower, and the speed at which the boat is traveling. On average, a 50-foot boat with a 500-horsepower engine can consume around 50-60 gallons of fuel per hour at cruising speed.

How much diesel fuel is consumed per horsepower?

On average, a diesel engine consumes around 0.4 pounds of fuel per hour for each unit of horsepower it produces. For example, a 200-horsepower diesel engine would consume around 80 pounds of fuel per hour.

How far can a boat travel on a full tank of gas?

The distance a boat can travel on a full tank of gas depends on several factors such as the boat’s fuel consumption rate, the size of the fuel tank, and the speed at which the boat is traveling. On average, a boat can travel around 100-200 miles on a full tank of gas. However, this can vary significantly depending on the boat’s size, weight, and engine horsepower.

About the author

I worked as an officer in the deck department on various types of vessels, including oil and chemical tankers, LPG carriers, and even reefer and TSHD in the early years. Currently employed as Marine Surveyor carrying cargo, draft, bunker, and warranty survey.

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Boat Fuel Tank Size Calculator

Here’s an example table for boat fuel tank sizes. Please note that this is a general reference, and actual fuel tank sizes can vary depending on the specific boat model and manufacturer.

Again, these figures are approximate and can vary depending on the specific boat model, design, and manufacturer. It’s essential to consult the boat’s specifications or contact the manufacturer for accurate information on the fuel tank size for a particular boat model.

How do you calculate fuel tank capacity?

To calculate fuel tank capacity, you need to consider the following information:

• Usage : Determine the expected fuel consumption rate of your boat’s engine in gallons per hour . This information can often be found in the engine’s specifications or user manual.
• Range : Estimate the maximum distance you plan to travel in nautical miles during a typical trip.

The calculation for fuel tank capacity is as follows:

Fuel Tank Capacity (in gallons) = Fuel Consumption Rate (in gallons per hour) × Maximum Travel Distance (in nautical miles)

For example, if your boat’s engine has a fuel consumption rate of 5 gallons per hour and you plan to travel up to 100 nautical miles, the fuel tank capacity calculation would be:

Fuel Tank Capacity = 5 gallons/hour × 100 nautical miles = 500 gallons

Keep in mind that this calculation assumes continuous operation for the entire travel distance. Adjustments may be necessary to account for factors such as reserve fuel, efficiency variations, and safety margins.

It’s important to consult your boat’s engine specifications, manufacturer recommendations, and any relevant regulations or standards to ensure proper fuel tank capacity for your specific vessel.

How do you calculate fuel for a boat trip?

To calculate fuel for a boat trip, multiply the boat’s fuel consumption rate (gallons per hour) by the estimated trip duration (in hours). For example, if the boat consumes 8 gallons per hour and the trip lasts 5 hours, the fuel required would be 40 gallons.

To calculate the fuel required for a boat trip, you need to consider the following factors:

• Distance : Determine the distance you plan to travel for the trip. This can be measured in nautical miles or any other applicable unit.
• Fuel Consumption Rate : Determine the fuel consumption rate of your boat’s engine. This information is typically provided in gallons per hour (GPH) or liters per hour (LPH) and can be found in the engine’s specifications or user manual.
• Duration : Estimate the duration of the trip in hours. If you don’t have an exact duration, you can estimate based on the speed and expected time to reach your destination.

The calculation for fuel required for the boat trip is as follows:

Fuel Required (in gallons) = Fuel Consumption Rate (in gallons per hour) × Duration (in hours)

For example, if your boat’s engine has a fuel consumption rate of 8 gallons per hour and you estimate that the trip will take 5 hours, the fuel required calculation would be:

Fuel Required = 8 gallons/hour × 5 hours = 40 gallons

It’s important to note that this calculation assumes a constant fuel consumption rate throughout the trip. Actual fuel consumption may vary based on factors such as boat speed, sea conditions, wind, and other variables. It’s recommended to consider safety margins and potential contingencies when calculating fuel requirements.

Always consult your boat’s engine specifications, manufacturer recommendations, and any applicable regulations or standards for accurate fuel consumption information and safety guidelines specific to your vessel.

How much fuel does a boat hold?

The fuel capacity of a boat can vary significantly depending on the size, type, and design of the vessel. Boat fuel tanks are available in various sizes and configurations to suit different boat types and purposes.

Small recreational boats, such as those used for fishing or day trips, may have fuel capacities ranging from 10 to 100 gallons.

Mid-sized boats, including cruisers or small yachts, typically have fuel capacities ranging from 100 to 500 gallons.

Larger vessels, such as commercial ships or luxury yachts, can have fuel capacities ranging from several hundred to thousands of gallons.

It’s important to note that the fuel capacity of a boat is determined by its design and the available space for fuel storage. The actual fuel capacity will be specified by the boat manufacturer or can be found in the boat’s specifications, documentation, or owner’s manual.

What is the average mpg for a boat?

The average miles per gallon (MPG) for a boat can vary significantly depending on various factors, such as the type of boat, engine efficiency, hull design, boat speed, load, and sea conditions. It’s challenging to provide a specific average MPG value that applies to all boats universally.

However, here are some general estimates for different types of boats:

• Recreational Powerboats : On average, recreational powerboats can achieve around 2 to 8 miles per gallon, depending on factors such as boat size, engine type, and cruising speed. Smaller boats with efficient engines may achieve higher MPG values, while larger boats or those with high-performance engines may have lower MPG.
• Sailboats : Sailboats primarily rely on wind power, and their fuel consumption is typically lower than powerboats. However, sailboats may still have auxiliary engines for propulsion and maneuvering in certain conditions. The fuel consumption and MPG for sailboats depend on the size of the auxiliary engine and the usage of motorized propulsion.
• Personal Watercraft (Jet Skis) : Personal watercraft, such as jet skis, tend to have higher fuel consumption due to their high-performance engines. On average, jet skis may achieve around 2 to 5 miles per gallon.

It’s important to note that these figures are general estimates, and the actual MPG will vary based on individual boat characteristics, engine efficiency, operating conditions, and the way the boat is operated. Monitoring and optimizing your boat’s fuel consumption through efficient boating practices can help improve fuel efficiency and reduce fuel consumption.

How much fuel does a 40 foot boat use?

The fuel consumption of a 40-foot boat can vary depending on several factors, such as the type of boat, the engine(s) installed, cruising speed, sea conditions, and load. It is challenging to provide an exact fuel consumption value without specific details.

However, as a rough estimate, a 40-foot boat with a single gasoline-powered engine might consume around 20 to 40 gallons per hour at cruising speed. This estimate can vary based on the boat’s weight, hull design, engine efficiency, and other variables.

For a 40-foot boat equipped with diesel engines, the fuel consumption may be lower, typically ranging from 10 to 30 gallons per hour at cruising speed.

It’s important to note that these figures are rough estimates and can vary significantly depending on the specific boat model, engine specifications, and operating conditions. Consulting the boat’s manufacturer, engine specifications, and owner’s manual will provide more accurate information regarding the fuel consumption for your particular boat model.

How much fuel does a 20 foot boat use?

The fuel consumption of a 20-foot boat can vary depending on several factors, including the type of boat, engine specifications, cruising speed, sea conditions, and load. Here is a rough estimate of fuel consumption for a 20-foot boat:

• Outboard Motor : If the 20-foot boat is powered by an outboard motor, fuel consumption can range from 3 to 8 gallons per hour at cruising speed. Smaller, more efficient engines tend to have lower fuel consumption, while larger or high-performance engines may consume more fuel.
• Inboard/Outboard (Sterndrive) : If the boat is equipped with an inboard/outboard (sterndrive) engine, fuel consumption can range from 4 to 10 gallons per hour at cruising speed.
• Inboard Motor : For boats with an inboard motor, fuel consumption can range from 4 to 8 gallons per hour at cruising speed.

It’s important to note that these figures are rough estimates and can vary based on factors such as the boat’s weight, hull design, engine efficiency, and operating conditions. The actual fuel consumption of a 20-foot boat can be obtained by referring to the specific engine manufacturer’s specifications, the boat’s owner’s manual, or consulting with the boat manufacturer or a qualified dealer for more accurate information.

Is 100 hours on a boat a lot?

The number of hours considered “a lot” for a boat depends on several factors, including the type of boat, its age, maintenance history, and usage patterns. Here are some general guidelines:

• Recreational Boats : For most recreational boats, 100 engine hours are not considered excessively high. It is common for boat owners to accumulate several hundred or even thousands of hours on their engines over the lifespan of the boat.
• Commercial Boats : Commercial boats, such as charter fishing vessels or water taxis, often accumulate significantly higher engine hours. These boats may frequently operate for long hours, and it is not uncommon for them to have thousands of engine hours within a relatively short period.
• Age and Maintenance : It is essential to consider the boat’s age and the maintenance history when assessing engine hours. A well-maintained boat with 100 hours on the engine could be in better condition than a poorly maintained boat with fewer hours.
• Engine Type : Different engine types have varying lifespan expectations. Gasoline engines generally have shorter lifespans compared to diesel engines. Diesel engines, with proper maintenance, can often last longer and handle higher engine hours.

Ultimately, it is best to consider engine hours in conjunction with other factors, such as overall condition, maintenance records, and any signs of wear or problems. If you are purchasing a used boat, a thorough inspection by a qualified marine mechanic can provide a better understanding of its condition, regardless of the number of engine hours.

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MPG, could i expect on say a 40' boat?

• Thread starter Baja Will
• Start date Jan 18, 2009
• Forums for All Owners
• Ask All Sailors

OK,(again Newbie question) been off here for a few months still narrowing my search for a boat. It has pretty much become clear what ever I buy I will need to get it home. Being I am not an expert sailer, I would like to fall back on the diesel motor. So my question is say on a Beneteau 400 Oceanis 50hp diesel, what MPG could one expect and at what speed. I am guessig 2 mpg, maybe 8 knots? but really have no idea. I would really appreciate any input. Sincerely WILL  

That's close if you use fifty HP.  

Don S/V ILLusion

the conventional way of measuring fuel efficiency of a boat diesel is in terms of gallons/hr. There are some graphical illustrations on the Yanmarhelp site which can be used to calc typical burn rates but it is a good estimate that you'd see something around 1 gallon/hr at cruising speeds for a 50hp engine running at 80% capacity.  

We had a Yanmar 50 in our 430. Cruising at 2800 rpm (approx 75% of max rpm) we averaged about 1.4 gph over the 3 years we owned the boat. The speed depended on tide, current, wind ect.  

Mileage on boats is pretty discouraging when fuel prices are high. I used to sneer at Winabagos on the road until I realized that my modest and "efficient" 32 foot sailboat gets about the same mileage under power. For what it's worth, you might want to look at the speed curves for my boat to get an idea how much mileage and range increase when you back off just a bit on the power. To read the graphs, you start with the RPM, go across to the curve of the color that matches the number you are looking for, then up or down to the appropriate scale. The light gray dotted lines show the example for cruise RPM. http://www.rogerlongboats.com/StriderFuelSystem.htm#SpeedRange You can go a lot farther if you have the time.  

1.5 GPH at 8kts will be about right for that boat. Find out what the engine manufacturer recommends for cruising RPM speed and go with it. Most recommend 80% of max RPM. Do some simple math and you'll find the savings isn't as great as you might expect. Slower speeds mean you'll be out on the water longer still burning fuel although at a lower rate. Based on a 1000 nautical mile trip running at 6 vs 8kts may save you at best .5 GPH. It will also take you apx 41 hrs longer to get there. Running slower may save apx 21 gals of fuel which at todays rate will cost you about $55. Do you have more time than money? Will you have places to pull into and refuel? How much of hurry are you in? How long of a trip is it? Will you get to shut off the motor and sail any of it? Time yourself with the tides and you can get a free ride. Run against them and you'll burn more fuel. Mike  

Thanks for all the input, basically the boat I am looking at is in TX, and I would want it in FL. Maybe it would just be easier to but it on a truck and ship it?? I just don't know if that is an option with the beam being 12'10" Thanks WILL  

Missing a great opportunity Find an expierenced sailor and move the boat by sail. What a great way to get to know your new boat. Course she HAS to be seaworthy for this to be an option.  

I agree with Bill and Mike.. Find 3-5 guys that are experienced and do the delivery yourself. Make sure the boat is seaworthy and has a few basic spares, get a knowledgeable someone you trust to go over it with you and inspect the critical pieces.. (bring tools) HAVE FUN ! My delivery sail was from Houston to New Orleans, some off shore and lots of Intercoastal Canal motoring.. A very memorable trip!  

I had my boat trucked from 2000 miles. It was about 3 years ago. The cost was $6k. They did not charge anything to load and rack the boat on the front end, but they charged to unload at the delivery point. Then you need to worry about re-rigging, restepping the mast etc. Then you need to worry about the road damage. I think you will find it would be better to hire a delivery skipper and have him move it if you cannot find the time to assist.  

newly anonymous

a few basics 1. It seems a bit goofy to be shopping for the boat in Texas if you want it to end up in Florida. For every Beneteau 400 Oceanis that you'll find for sale in Texas, five will be for sale in Florida. 2. A boat's range under power is figured by calculating gallons per hour consumed at 80% wide open throttle, times the average speed you'd travel at this setting. The only way to predict the GPH is know what engine you're talking about. (The exact engine model, not just something like "Yanmar 50hp." This is because of factors such as that a normally aspirated engine consumes fuel at a different rate than a turbo diesel.) A given engine is going to have the same GPH numbers regardless of the type of boat into which it's been installed. You can usually get these numbers from the manufacturer, usually on their website. At that point, the only thing you need to complete the calculus is to know how fast the specific boat usually cruises at 80% WOT. A better place to find this number would be the Beneteau owners forum. 3. A Beneteau 400 Oceanis is a sailboat. There is a body of water situated between Texas and Florida known as the Gulf of Mexico, upon which a Beneteau 400 Oceanis would sail quite comfortably. If you do not yet have the navigational expertise to make that trip under sail, you probably don't have enough experience to handle that large a boat. Get something smaller and work your way up. Much smaller. A newbie at the helm of a 40 footer is a truly frightening phenomenon, and I do not want to encourage you to become another boating statistic, mostly because at that point you become a danger to all of us. Go learn why we sailors talk in terms of GPH rather than MPG by taking a basic navigation class. Then come talk.  

newly anonymous said: 1. It seems a bit goofy to be shopping for the boat in Texas if you want it to end up in Florida. For every Beneteau 400 Oceanis that you'll find for sale in Texas, five will be for sale in Florida. Click to expand

Baja Will said: Thanks for all the input, basically the boat I am looking at is in TX, and I would want it in FL. Maybe it would just be easier to but it on a truck and ship it?? I just don't know if that is an option with the beam being 12'10" Thanks WILL Click to expand

Again thanks for everyones input. What would be a reasonable fee for hiring a captain for a journey from Houston to St pete??? I believe me going would be the best way for me to learn my new boat also. WILL  

When do you want to do it?  

Find someone reputable Find someone reputable, then hire them. Or maybe you can find a knowledgable volunteer on this or one of the other sail boards.. You need not only an experienced sailor, to make the journey, but an experienced person to help you make sure the boat is in the proper condition, that you have the proper spares, the proper tools and provisions. It is a very nice trip, and my recommendation would be to make it in April or May.  

I strongly agree with "Nice & Easy". I speak from experence and have found that almost all "newly bought used boats" will experence engine problems within 10 hours of use by the new owner. Most used boats haven't been used recently and suffer fuel or other problems or have been neglected prior to sale and this becomes appearent upon their first extended use. Using a delivery captain or sailing instructor for your first major relocation allows you the benefit of his expertice in looking over your boat both for safety and mechanical soundness and gives the new owner a very valueable 1 on 1 lesson in sailing. The added cost to do this will probably be much less than having a major equipment failure and the associated costs of a hurried and stressed repair that benefits only the repair shop. Just my thoughts but they are well founded. Good luck and fair winds. Ray  

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How Much Gas Do Boats Use? 5 Boat Types Explained

Many small, personal watercraft boats tend to use 3-8 gallons of gas per hour at cruising speeds, while faster boats like speed and motorboats can use 20-30 gallons an hour. Depending on the weight, size, and style of your boat, you will use within this very large range.

Instead of painstakingly trying to figure out your gas mileage, consider these five boats and their averages that we’ve listed below!

Table of Contents

What Impacts the Amount of Gas a Boat Will Use?

The amount of gas that a boat uses depends on a variety of factors.

The biggest factor that affects gas mileage is the motor a boat has. Knowing your motor or engine’s power is a must when it comes to your boat.

Other factors include:

• Length of the boat
• Amount of weight on board
• How fast you drive
• Weather and water conditions

In addition, the condition of a boat also impacts how much fuel it will burn. A poorly maintained engine will burn more fuel than one that is properly maintained. A boat in overall bad maintenance, in areas such as the hull or transom, will also contribute to poor gas mileage.

The way that you drive the boat also plays a large role in how much gas is burned by the engine. Every boat and engine will have its own unique ‘sweet spot’ where it burns fuel the most efficiently. For average-sized recreational boats, this speed is often slower than 20 knots.

How smoothly you steer and control your boat also plays a factor in fuel consumption. Other factors beyond your control include the weather conditions, how rough the water is, and adverse currents.

These will no doubt decrease gas mileage as you try to motor yourself against the wind and out of a storm.

Related Article: 13 Clever Ways to Get a Good Deal on (New) Boats

How Do you Save Gas and Money?

One of the most essential factors determining how much gas your boat will use is the motor. A motor should be properly maintained at least once per season by an expert. This will help save you money in the long run in fuel costs and mechanical issues.

The overall maintenance of a boat plays a large role in fuel efficiency. In order to save the most gas while boating, you should take good care of your boat and keep it clean, well maintained, and free of excess gear or heavy items.

The hull of the boat should be kept clean and free of any debris that could cause resistance. When a hull is dragging, your boat’s engine will burn more fuel. A clean, lightweight boat burns the least amount of fuel and is the most efficient.

Another way to save on gas costs while boating is to shop for your gas before you head to the marina. The gas at marina-side service is often overpriced due to convenience. Filling up your own gas can or container at a local service station before heading to the marina can help you save money on fuel costs.

Related Article: 9 Tips to Sell Your Boat Quickly (Without Dropping the Price)

Average Gas Used by 5 Different Boat Types:

While every boat will use a different amount of gas on average, boats of the same type will generally have similar fuel consumption rates. When you have very different boats, though, it is hard to tell what the “average” is.

We’ve listed a few common boats and their gas mileage expectations here:

Pontoon Boats

Pontoon boats are slower and feature a multi-hull design that makes them less fuel-efficient than boats that plane on the surface of the water.  Because they have to push their pontoons through the water, the engines used on these boats must be powerful. Therefore, these boats are not very fuel-efficient and care should be taken to properly maintain them to retain optimal efficiency.

The average pontoon boat will consume around 5 gallons per hour at cruising speed. This means that a five hour trip out on the water will take 25 gallons of gas.

Related Article: Boat Fuel Types: What Fuel Type for My Boat? (Newbie Guide)

Bass boats are known for their sleek design and are mostly geared toward fishing. Modern bass boats include a smooth fiberglass hull design and powerful fuel-injected outboard engines. While these factors may help with controlling and steering a boat, the gas consumption of many bass boats still leaves much to be desired.

A good bass boat tends to spend most of its time trolling or idle while fishing, but getting from place to place can still eat up your gas. However, fuel consumption on a bass boat is better than a pontoon.

An average bass boat will consume between 4 – 5 gallons per hour at cruising speed. Bass boats reach optimal fuel efficiency when running the engine between 3,000 and 4,000 RPM.

Center Console Boats

Center console boats offer very little in the way of frills or seating. However, this does not make for improved gas consumption rates.

The length of a center console boat, as well as the engine choice, play a significant factor in determining the fuel consumption rate of a center console boat. With a hull length over 20 feet, some center console boats can average as much as 5 – 6 gallons per hour!  But this will  be at a speed of over 20 knots.

A well-maintained center console boat can average as low as 3 gallons per hour, with many averaging 4 gallons per hour in good conditions. 

This is because their sleek design was made for getting from place to place quickly. You will be very happy with their gas consumption.

Related Article: How Long Do Sailboats Last?

Cabin Cruiser Boats

Cabin cruisers offer all the comforts of home out on the water, with many having room for a galley and modern comforts such as air conditioning. This makes the gas consumption of most cabin cruisers somewhat high, as the added weight to the boat requires a larger motor.

The cruising speed of a cabin cruiser has a large role in the amount of gas consumed. Not to mention the design and age of the boat.  A lighter boat with a modern outboard motor will be more efficient than an older boat with an inboard engine. 

A typical cabin cruiser can expect to get anywhere from 1 – 2 miles per gallon. This makes cabin-cruisers one of the least gas efficient boats used by most recreational boaters.

However, proper maintenance and careful cruising can help improve the boat’s gas efficiency.

Bowrider Boats

These boats are known for their ability to fit the entire family on board to have a good time. Bowrider boats feature plenty of space for seating and maneuvering around the boat. Therefore, the amount of passengers and partygoer equipment onboard plays a large factor in how much gas your bowrider boat will burn.

Bowrider boats can get expect to get an average of 3 miles per gallon of fuel.

However, this will vary wildly based on how much your boat weighs and how fast you cruise. The more people and the faster you go? The more fuel you burn.

A well-maintained bowrider with few passengers on a nice day may reach as much as 5 miles per gallon at the most efficient cruising speed.

Final Thoughts

The amount of fuel burned by a boat will vary depending on the age, condition, and maintenance level of the boat overall and its engine. A boat in overall poor condition will have poor fuel mileage.

An older boat, with an older engine, will also have poor fuel mileage when compared to more modern boats.

When looking to find the fuel mileage of your own boat, its possible to buy a fuel consumption gauge, but they can be expensive.  It is much easier to just keep good records, and divide the amount of fuel burned by the distance traveled. You may want to make several trips with your boat to find the average of your fuel consumption.  Take notes about your speed and other conditions, because these will affect your fuel efficiency.

Once you know how much fuel your boat is currently using, you can begin to adjust your cruising speed, trim, or other conditions, to improve your fuel efficiency.

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How Much Fuel Does a 50 Ft Boat Use? Uncovering the Truth

Owning a boat can be a dream come true for many, offering the opportunity to explore the open seas, enjoy water sports, or simply escape the hustle and bustle of everyday life. One essential detail when operating a boat, however, is knowing how much fuel it consumes. For those considering a 50-foot boat, understanding its fuel usage is crucial for proper planning and cost management. This comprehensive blog post will delve deep into the topic, discussing a variety of aspects relevant to fuel consumption in 50-foot boats, the factors affecting it, and methods to optimize it. Strap on your life vests, and let’s dive in!

Table of Contents

Fuel Consumption Basics

Before we dive into the details of a 50-foot boat’s fuel consumption, it’s essential to understand some basics about boat fuel consumption in general. Fuel consumption is typically measured in gallons per hour (GPH) or liters per hour (LPH), depending on the region.

Types of Boat Engines

Choice of boat engine is an important factor when considering fuel consumption. There are two main types of boat engines – inboard and outboard. Inboard engines are situated within the hull, while outboard engines are mounted outside the hull at the stern of the boat. Commonly, large boats, like a 50-foot boat, utilize inboard engines. It’s also worth noting that engines can either run on diesel or gasoline, with each having its own fuel consumption characteristics.

Average Fuel Consumption for a 50-Foot Boat

A boat’s fuel consumption depends on various factors, including engine type, speed, vessel size, and design. As a result, it’s difficult to generalize fuel consumption for all 50-foot boats. However, to provide an estimated range, we can assume the following average fuel consumption rates for 50-foot boats under varying conditions:

• 3-5 GPH at idle speed
• 10-25 GPH at cruising speed (typically around 20-30 knots)
• 20-60 GPH at high speeds (over 30 knots)

These are general estimates, and it’s crucial to consult your boat’s engine specifications and manuals for accurate information on your specific model.

Factors Affecting Fuel Consumption

Understanding the factors that affect a 50-foot boat’s fuel consumption can help boat owners manage their costs and make informed decisions on optimizing fuel usage.

One of the most significant factors in fuel consumption is the speed at which a boat is operating. As the boat’s speed increases, so does its fuel consumption. This is because as a boat accelerates, it creates larger waves, which leads to increased water resistance and requires more engine power to overcome.

2. Weight and Load

The boat’s weight and load also have a significant impact on fuel consumption. A heavily loaded boat requires more energy to push through the water, which means the engine has to work harder and consume more fuel. Always ensure that your vessel is loaded according to the manufacturer’s recommendations, and regularly check for water in the bilges or other unnecessary weight.

3. Engine Efficiency

The overall efficiency of the boat’s engine plays a crucial role in determining fuel consumption. Diesel engines usually provide better fuel efficiency than gasoline engines, and modern, advanced engines use fuel more efficiently than older models. Proper maintenance is vital to ensure optimal engine efficiency.

4. Hull Design and Condition

A boat’s hull design and condition can also influence fuel consumption rates. A clean, well-designed hull reduces water resistance and allows the boat to cut through the water more efficiently. Ensure that your boat’s hull is in good condition and free from fouling to improve its fuel efficiency.

Fuel Consumption Optimization Tips

Given the high costs associated with fuel, optimizing your 50-foot boat’s fuel consumption is essential. Here are some practical tips to help you conserve fuel and reduce your boating expenses:

1. Maintain Optimal Speed

Find the “sweet spot” between speed and fuel consumption by experimenting with different speeds to identify the optimal cruising speed in terms of fuel efficiency. Generally, non-planing hulls are most fuel-efficient at displacement speed, while planing hulls have a sweet spot between 25-35% below their maximum speed.

2. Regular Engine Maintenance

Ensure that your boat’s engine is regularly serviced and maintained in accordance with the manufacturer’s specifications. Changing oil and filters, inspecting spark plugs, and checking fuel lines can improve engine efficiency and decrease fuel consumption.

3. Keep the Hull Clean

A clean hull enhances the boat’s hydrodynamics and minimizes resistance, leading to better fuel efficiency. Regularly scrub the hull to remove algae or other growth to maintain your boat’s performance.

4. Trim the Boat

Proper boat trim balances the weight distribution and the angle of the hull to the water, reducing water resistance and improving fuel efficiency. Adjust your boat’s trim tabs or distribute weight evenly to achieve the optimal trim for your specific boat.

5. Use a GPS or Chartplotter

Using a GPS or chartplotter can help you plan your route, taking into account variables such as tides, currents, and predicted weather conditions. By optimizing your route, you can conserve fuel by avoiding areas with strong currents or adverse conditions.

Frequently Asked Questions

How much gas does a 40-foot boat use.

The amount of gas a 40-foot boat uses depends on various factors like engine size, boat design, and load. On average, a 40-foot boat with a single engine may burn between 20 and 50 gallons per hour at cruising speeds.

How many miles per gallon does a boat use?

The miles per gallon (MPG) of a boat varies depending on its size, engine, and other factors. Small boats may have an MPG of about 3-4, while larger boats can range from 1 to 2 MPG. Factors such as boat weight, engine efficiency, and wind conditions can significantly impact fuel consumption.

How do I calculate how much fuel I need for a boat trip?

To calculate the fuel needed for a boat trip, you’ll need to know your boat’s fuel consumption rate (gallons per hour or miles per gallon) and the total distance of the trip. Divide the total trip distance by your boat’s MPG to get the total fuel needed in gallons. Always carry extra fuel to account for unexpected conditions or delays.

How much fuel does a Marine use per hour?

‘Marine’ could refer to a type of inboard boat engine or a military marine. Assuming you’re asking about a marine engine, fuel consumption depends on factors such as engine size, boat design, and load. A small inboard marine engine can use between 3-6 gallons per hour, while a more powerful engine might use 10-20 gallons per hour at cruising speeds.

How much fuel does a 50 ft boat use on average?

The fuel consumption of a 50-foot boat depends on the engine size, boat design, and load. On average, a 50-foot boat may burn between 30 and 70 gallons per hour while cruising at a moderate speed. Faster speeds will use more fuel.

What is the most fuel-efficient type of boat?

The most fuel-efficient boats are usually lightweight and have a hull design optimized for minimal water resistance. Sailboats, catamarans, solar-powered boats, and smaller motorboats with fuel-efficient outboard engines tend to be more fuel-efficient compared to larger powerboats or yachts.

How can I improve my boat’s fuel efficiency?

To improve your boat’s fuel efficiency, you can: 1. Regularly maintain and service your engine. 2. Keep your boat’s hull clean to reduce drag. 3. Distribute weight evenly in the boat. 4. Use the right propeller for your boat and engine combination. 5. Avoid overloading your boat. 6. Trim your boat properly. 7. Plan your route to avoid unnecessary detours.

How do wind and sea conditions affect fuel consumption?

Wind and sea conditions can significantly impact your boat’s fuel consumption. Strong headwinds and rough sea conditions increase the resistance your boat encounters, causing the engine to work harder and consume more fuel. Conversely, tailwinds or calm waters can reduce fuel consumption by lowering resistance.

Do different types of fuel (diesel or gasoline) affect fuel consumption in boats?

Yes, the type of fuel used can affect fuel consumption in boats. Diesel engines tend to be more fuel-efficient than gasoline engines, especially at lower RPMs, but may have higher initial costs. Diesel also has a higher energy density than gasoline, which contributes to the improved fuel efficiency along with other factors like turbocharging and better engine thermal efficiency.

How do I estimate my boat’s fuel consumption when buying a used boat?

When purchasing a used boat, you can estimate fuel consumption by considering factors such as boat size, engine type and size, and typical cruising speed. To get a more accurate estimate, research similar boats with the same engine and check their fuel consumption ratings. Also, ask the seller about their experience with the boat’s fuel consumption. Keep in mind, however, that actual fuel consumption may vary depending on how well the boat and engine have been maintained.

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Congratulations on your new boat!

Boats are fun and they are a great way to get out on the water and fill your summer with adventure. One of the most commonly asked questions by new boat owners is: how much gas will my boat use?

We wish it were as simple as giving you a clear-cut number, as this would make budgeting simple, and you would always know just how much money you needed to fill up the tank. However, there is no simple answer to give as the amount of gas your boat uses will depend on the size of the boat, the speed, the model, and the number of hours it is in use.

For example, a smaller boat may be able to cruise around and only use around 5 gallons of gas per hour, but a larger boat may, at the same speeds and conditions, use upwards of 25 gallons of gas per hour.

Below, we will discuss ways that you can determine how much gas your boat uses and then provide you with some tips to help keep your out-of-pocket fuel costs down.

Gas Consumption of a Boat

In general, most boats are able to travel anywhere from 5 to 30 miles on a single tank of gas. With that said, there are many different factors that affect how much gas is actually used.

Factors to Keep in Mind

One of the first factors to keep in mind is your boat’s MPG . The average boat will require about one to four gallons of gas per mile at a total speed of about 20 knots.

The next thing you need to keep in mind is the type of boat that you have. If you have a speedboat, it will require more fuel than a fishing or pontoon boat. For example, a fast speedboat can utilize as much as 30 gallons of fuel per hour.

Next, think about the size of your boat . Smaller boats will use less fuel than larger boats. You should also look at your engine and whether it is ideal for the size of your boat. A larger boat with too small a motor will use more fuel than is needed to power it.

The engine and the condition of the engine matter as well. Just as we stated above that too small an engine on a larger boat will affect your fuel consumption, so will the type of engine you have and its condition. You want to keep your engine in its best condition to be able to conserve fuel and not use more than is needed. In addition, a lower horsepower engine will use less gas than a higher horsepower engine.

Another factor to keep in mind is your driving style . Driving erratically or constantly stopping and starting again will cause you to use more fuel. Overworking the engine will cause you to use more fuel but constantly going too slow to stretch your fuel consumption can cause you to use more too.

The wind and weather conditions will also affect how much fuel is consumed by your boat. Heavy rain, wind, and waves will cause your boat to work harder and use up more fuel than needed.

Lastly, the type of fuel that you use in your boat will affect your MPG as well. You should always follow the manufacturer’s recommendation on the type of fuel octane you should be using to ensure your boat runs the way it should and so you can maximize your MPG.

Tips to Lower Your Out-of-Pocket Fuel Expenses

• Balance the load on your boat
• Choose a boat with good MPG
• Adjust your boat speed and avoid drag and idling
• Keep your boat and engine tuned up
• Avoid excess weight on the boat, unless absolutely needed
• Avoid boating in harsh weather conditions

How Much Gas Does Your Boat Use?

While there is no one answer to this question, you can determine how much gas your boat uses by using online calculators and taking into consideration the above factors.

One way to save money on gas is to avoid filling up at the marina as the gas can sometimes be overpriced there.

The next time you go out on your boat, keep the above factors in mind and determine just what your MPG is.

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Explainer: Why did the Baltimore bridge collapse and what is the death toll?

What is the death toll so far, when did the baltimore bridge collapse, why did the bridge collapse, who will pay for the damage and how much will the bridge cost.

HOW LONG WILL IT TAKE TO REBUILD THE BRIDGE?

What ship hit the baltimore bridge, what do we know about the bridge that collapsed.

HOW WILL THE BRIDGE COLLAPSE IMPACT THE BALTIMORE PORT?

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Reporting by Lisa Shumaker; Writing by Lisa Shumaker; Editing by Daniel Wallis, Josie Kao and Tom Hogue

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Palestinian teen shot dead during Israeli West Bank raid, Wafa news agency reports

Israeli forces shot dead a 13-year-old Palestinian boy during a raid in the occupied West Bank, the official Palestinian news agency Wafa reported on Saturday, an incident which the Israeli military said was under review.

Three United Nations observers and a translator were wounded on Saturday when a shell exploded near them as they were carrying out a foot patrol in south Lebanon, the U.N. peacekeeping mission said, adding it was still investigating the origin of the blast.

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What to know about the cargo ship Dali, a mid-sized ocean monster that took down a Baltimore bridge

Crews were set to begin removing the wreckage of a collapsed highway bridge in Baltimore on Friday. Maryland Gov. Wes Moore said a large crane, which can lift up to 1,000 tons, would be one of at least two used to clear the channel of the twisted metal and concrete remains of the Francis Scott Key Bridge, and the cargo ship that collided with it this week.

The container ship Dali, owned by Grace Ocean PTE, rests against wreckage of the Francis Scott Key Bridge in the Patapsco River on Wednesday, March 27, 2024, as seen from Pasadena, Md. Investigators began collecting evidence Wednesday from the cargo ship that plowed into Baltimore’s Francis Scott Key Bridge and caused its collapse, while in the waters below divers searched through twisted metal for several construction workers who plunged into the harbor and were feared dead. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)

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In this image taken from video released by the National Transportation and Safety Board, the cargo ship Dali is stuck under part of the structure of the Francis Scott Key Bridge after the ship hit the bridge, Tuesday, March 26, 2024, in Baltimore. (NTSB via AP)

Here’s what to know about the cargo ship Dali that crashed into Baltimore’s Francis Scott Key Bridge, causing it to collapse and leaving six bridge construction workers presumed dead.

MONSTERS OF THE OCEAN

If stood upright, the Dali would reach almost to the top of the Eiffel Tower in Paris or about two-thirds of the way up the Empire State Building in New York.

It can carry the equivalent of almost 10,000 standard-sized metal shipping containers, and at the time of the accident was carrying nearly 4,700 containers. But while those figures are impressive, the Dali pales in comparison to the world’s largest container ships, which can carry more than 24,000 containers. There are environmental and economic advantages to operating giant container ships , but their sheer size and weight make them difficult to maneuver and stop — especially when something goes wrong.

Dali length: 984 feet (300 meters). Weight: 95,000 tons when empty.

Capacity: 10,000 20-foot (6-meter) containers.

MAYDAY CALL SAVES LIVES

The ship shares a name with one of history’s most celebrated artists, Spanish surrealist painter Salvador Dali.

Built by South Korea’s Hyundai Heavy Industries, one of the world’s largest shipbuilders, the Dali was launched in late 2014. It’s owned by Grace Ocean Private Ltd, flies a Singapore flag and is powered by diesel engines.

Danish shipping giant Maersk had chartered the Dali for a planned trip from Baltimore to Sri Lanka, but the ship didn’t get far, with the crew sending a mayday call early Tuesday saying they had lost power and had no control of the steering system. Minutes later, the ship rammed one of the bridge’s columns, causing the entire structure to collapse within seconds.

The ship was moving at about 8 knots, or 9 mph (15 kph). The mayday gave just enough time for authorities to stop bridge traffic and likely prevent more deaths , but not enough time to clear the construction crew that was filling potholes on the bridge. Divers on Wednesday recovered the bodies of two of the workers.

All of the nearly two dozen crew members from the Dali were accounted for after the accident, with one taken to a hospital with minor injuries.

PASSED PREVIOUS INSPECTIONS

The Dali passed a June 2023 inspection in Chile. A faulty pressure gauge for the fuel heaters was identified but fixed before the vessel left the port, according to authorities. The Dali was then inspected in September by the U.S. Coast Guard in New York, and no problems were found. Before it left Baltimore, the ship underwent routine engine maintenance, according to the Coast Guard.

The container ship Dali, owned by Grace Ocean PTE, rests against wreckage of the Francis Scott Key Bridge in the Patapsco River on Wednesday, March 27, 2024, as seen from Pasadena, Md. (AP Photo/Alex Brandon)

Federal and state officials say the crash appears to be an accident.

The Coast Guard has downloaded the voyage data recorder and sent it to the National Transportation Safety Board, which is building a timeline of what led to the crash, and a preliminary report is expected in the coming weeks. Singapore also plans to carry out its own investigation, which it says will be to identify lessons for the future rather than determine liability.

WHAT’S NEXT

In addition to trying to clear the channel floor of the bridge debris, officials will need to assess the damage to the Dali and make sure it doesn’t leak fuel or sink. Investigators found damage to at least 13 containers on the ship.

The Dali will then likely be towed back to the port and the cargo offloaded.

Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg says it’s too early to say how long it will take to reopen the Port of Baltimore or replace the destroyed bridge. He noted it initially took five years to build the bridge .

Watch CBS News

What to know about the Francis Scott Key Bridge collapse in Baltimore that left 6 presumed dead

By Emily Mae Czachor

Updated on: March 28, 2024 / 9:07 AM EDT / CBS Baltimore

Search and rescue operations shifted to a recovery effort Tuesday night in Baltimore after a massive cargo ship lost power and struck the city's iconic Francis Scott Key Bridge  early Tuesday, causing part of the bridge to collapse into the Patapsco River. The collapse sent people and vehicles into the water along with a stretch of the bridge itself. 

Authorities said six people were presumed dead, and the bodies of two victims were recovered Wednesday.

Two people were recovered from the water soon after the collapse, one uninjured and one who was hospitalized and later released. All of them were  part of a construction crew that was working on the bridge filling potholes at the time of the collapse. 

Here is what we know so far.

What happened to the Key Bridge?

An enormous cargo vessel slammed into a support column of the sprawling Francis Scott Key Bridge, which runs for more than 57,000 feet over a stretch of the Patapsco River through central Baltimore, at about 1:30 a.m. ET Tuesday morning. 

The impact caused a huge section of the bridge to collapse into the water. CBS Baltimore's Amy Kawata  shared a harrowing video of the Key Bridge collapsing on social media.

#BREAKING : video showing cargo ship colliding with Frances Scott Key Bridge in Baltimore earlier this morning. Officials confirm rescue efforts are underway. All lanes closed both directions for incident on I-695 Key Bridge. @wjz pic.twitter.com/kgstV4OPLb — Amy Kawata TV (@AmyKawata) March 26, 2024

A witness  told CBS News Baltimore  that the sound of the crash was massive and shook his home.

"Earthquake — sounded like a big bash of thunder," the man said. "And then just like I said it felt like an earthquake, the whole house vibrated. Like my house was falling down."

The first 911 calls came in at around 1:30 a.m. to report a ship hitting the bridge column, the Baltimore Fire Department told CBS News. Kevin Cartwright, the fire department's communications director, described it as a "mass casualty event."

Shipping traffic was suspended at the port after the collision, and I-695 is closed in both directions .

What caused the crash?

The ship involved in the crash, a Singapore-flagged vessel called the Dali, had just left the Port of Baltimore when it reported losing propulsion before crashing into the bridge support. Officials said the crew issued a mayday call, which gave them time to stop traffic from entering the bridge.

Baltimore Mayor Brandon Scott told CBS News that the mayday call "saved many lives" and allowed emergency personnel to get to the scene quickly.  

Both Scott and Maryland Governor Wes Moore declared states of emergency in response to the collapse. Federal, state and local officials from agencies including the FBI and the National Transportation Safety Board headed to the scene.

Maryland Department of Transportation Secretary Paul Widefield said at an early briefing that the FBI was on the scene "to see if there was any terrorism connection, which there is not." He said the FBI's involvement is a precaution is common in the early stages of investigations. 

"There is no specific or credible information to suggest there are ties to terrorism in this incident," said William J. DelBagno, the special agent in charge of the  FBI's Baltimore field office , during a press conference later Tuesday morning. 

"We are still investigating what happened, but we are quickly gathering details," said Gov. Moore at a news conference. "The preliminary investigation points to an accident. We haven't seen any credible evidence of a terrorist attack."

Homeland Security Secretary Alejandro Mayorkas said earlier on social media that his office was "closely monitoring the tragic situation" and added that there are "no indications that this was an intentional act." 

Meanwhile, the National Transportation and Safety Board  deployed a team to investigate the bridge collapse. A spokesperson for the agency told CBS News Baltimore on Wednesday that they had collected the data recorder onboard the ship to review and analyze what happened before its collision with the bridge. The NTSB will use that data recorder to come up with a timeline of events leading up to the incident, the spokesperson said, adding that the agency still needs to verify that the Dali lost power before striking that column.

An unclassified memo issued by CISA, the Cybersecurity and Infrastructure Security Agency, said the ship reported losing propulsion as it was leaving Baltimore Harbor and notified the Maryland Department of Transportation that a collision with the bridge was possible as they had lost control of the vessel.

"If it lost steering and power, then basically it's a dead ship just being carried by the current or its own momentum," James Mercante, the president of the New York Board of Pilot Commissioners, told CBS News.

The Dali was moving toward the bridge at a speed of about 8 knots, which authorities acknowledged was "very rapid."

"It would take quite a while — probably the length of five [or] six football fields — to bring that ship to a stop, even after dropping the anchors, because of its power and momentum. This is a behemoth," Mercante said.

Widefield said the overnight maintenance work "had nothing at all to do" with any structural issue impacting the bridge itself. 

The most recent federal inspection report for the Francis Scott Key Bridge, filed in May 2022, gave the bridge span a score of  6 out of 9 , which is considered "fair,"  CBS News Baltimore station WJZ  reported. The Key Bridge had been in "fair" condition — a passing grade — since 2008, but the latest inspection report did note concerns over one of its reinforced concrete columns. The column's health index score was downgraded. It is unknown whether the column of concern was the same one that was struck on Tuesday morning.

Search and recovery mission

A search and recovery mission was forging ahead Wednesday morning as crews probed a debris field at the bottom of the river using a remotely operated vehicle, or ROV, looking for sunken vehicles or human remains. FBI Supervisory Special Agent Brian Hudson, the agent in charge of the search, said conditions underwater were dangerous and noted that debris had not yet settled.

"It's not a great spot for divers. It's incredibly black water, as the sediment gets kicked up, and there's also a significant current underwater as the tides change," Hudson said Wednesday on "CBS Morning." The search crew will primarily use an ROV with sonar technology, instead of a dive team, until they believe they have found something.

Hudson said the team has searched the length of the collapsed bridge span and by Wednesday had expanded their search area past those bounds by several hundred feet. They were told the search could take up to a week, he added. 

The U.S. Coast Guard was  actively searching for missing people throughout the day on Tuesday, but announced in the evening that it was shifting to a recovery effort.

"Based on the length of time that we've gone in this search, the extensive search efforts that we've put into it, the water temperature — that at this point we do not believe that we're going to find any of these individuals still alive," U.S. Coast Guard Rear Admiral Shannon N. Gilreath said.

Baltimore City Fire Chief James Wallace said at an earlier briefing that responders had  pulled two survivors  from the river, but six were believed missing. 

One of the people rescued was not hurt and the other had "very serious" injuries, Wallace said. The individual with injuries was transported to University of Maryland Medical Center for treatment. The medical center's shock trauma department confirmed Tuesday afternoon that the person treated there had been discharged,  WJZ's Caroline Foreback reported .

Officials said everyone known to be missing in the wake of the collapse was part of the construction crew working on the bridge when the ship crashed into it. They were from Guatemala, El Salvador, Honduras and Mexico, mostly in their 30s and 40s, and have spouses and children in Dundalk and Highlandtown, the  Baltimore Banner reports . 

Bodies of two were recovered on Wednesday, before officials said it became too hazardous and they had to turn to removing debris.

A senior executive at the company that employed the workers said Tuesday afternoon that the six were presumed dead, given the water's depth and the length of time since the crash, according to The Associated Press.

"This was so completely unforeseen," Jeffrey Pritzker, executive vice president of Brawner Builders, told AP. "We don't know what else to say."

Sonar had detected vehicles beneath the surface of the river, according to the fire chief. Meanwhile, crew members were still on board the vessel.

Water in the Patapsco was 48 degrees Fahrenheit overnight, according to the National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration. Experts warn that submersion in  waters at this temperature  is  extremely dangerous without proper protective gear, even for relatively short periods of time. 

State authorities said that the portion of the river where the bridge collapsed is about 50 feet deep.

What type of bridge is it?

The Francis Scott Key Bridge features steel arches and is one of the longest continuous truss bridges in the world, according to the  American Society of Civil Engineers .

Construction on the Francis Scott Key Bridge began in 1972, and it opened to traffic on March 23, 1977. Originally known as the Outer Harbor Crossing, the bridge is named after Francis Scott Key, the composer of the "Star-Spangled Banner." 

According to the Maryland Transportation Authority, "Scholars believe the span crosses within 100 yards of the site where Francis Scott Key witnessed the bombardment of Fort McHenry on the evening of Sept. 12, 1814," a battle that inspired him to write what became the national anthem. 

The span over the Patapsco River is 1.6 miles long. Including its connecting approaches, the full bridge project is 10.9 miles in length. For decades it served as a daily commute route for tens of thousands of people. 

The Patapsco is a 39-mile river that weaves through central Maryland into the Chesapeake Bay. Part of the waterway forms the harbor in Baltimore and directly serves the city's main port, which is a major domestic and international shipping hub that is especially vital to the shipping network along the East Coast of the U.S. 

Economic fallout

Job security could be in jeopardy for more than 10,000 people who are directly employed by the Port of Baltimore now that the bridge is out of commission. In addition to those direct employees, Gov. Moore has estimated that the port indirectly employs another 140,000 people. 

Moore pledged to "take care of the workers" during an interview Wednesday on "CBS Mornings," where he also acknowledged the potentially crippling and far-reaching economic consequences of the collapse. The Baltimore port is one of the largest in the U.S. and a leading export point for the automotive industry.

"This port, and the economic impact of the port, is not just huge on the state of Maryland. This port is responsible for over 51 million tons of foreign cargo, the largest in the country," Moore told "CBS Mornings."

"So this is not just going to have a massive economic impact on the state of Maryland, this is going to hurt the farmer in Kentucky, it's going to hurt the auto dealer in Michigan," he said. "This is going to impact the entire country's economy. So it's imperative that we not just be smart, and that we're coordinated, and that were compassionate, but also we've got to get this done to completion and we've got to get it done together."

Where did the cargo vessel come from?

The 948-foot container ship, called Dali, was departing Baltimore and headed toward Colombo, the capital of Sri Lanka, when it crashed, the MidAtlantic Coast Guard told CBS News. 

The vessel is time-chartered by the Danish shipping giant Maersk and operated by Synergy Marine Group, a charter vessel company. The Singapore-based company Grace Ocean Private owns the ship. Synergy said in a statement that it had activated its own incident response team and was "fully cooperating with Federal and State govenrment agencies under an approved plan." It said two pilots were steering the Dali, although it could not yet provide their names.

There were 22 crew members, including two pilots, aboard the ship, who are are all Indian nationals, Synergy said. 

In a separate statement, Maersk said it "horrified by what has happened in Baltimore" and "closely following the investigations conducted by authorities and Synergy." No Maersk personnel or crew were on the ship during the collision, the company said, but the Dali was carrying cargo for Maersk customers.

Synergy's statement suggested there was no record of pollution into the river from the crash, but the fire department in Baltimore said on its scanner that there was a lot of diesel fuel seen in the water around the cargo ship. Exactly how much fuel had leaked into the water was still unclear Tuesday morning, the fire chief said. CISA noted in their memo that the agency had not received any reports of significant pollution into the river.

—Nicole Sganga, Kerry Breen, Brian Dakss and CBS News and CBS News Baltimore staff contributed reporting.

• Francis Scott Key Bridge
• Bridge Collapse
• Patapsco River

Emily Mae Czachor is a reporter and news editor at CBSNews.com. She covers breaking news, often focusing on crime and extreme weather. Emily Mae has previously written for outlets including the Los Angeles Times, BuzzFeed and Newsweek.

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How a cargo ship took down Baltimore’s Key Bridge

To bridge experts, the collapse of Baltimore’s Francis Scott Key Bridge after being hit by a heavy cargo ship was as inevitable as it was devastating.

When a vessel as heavy as the Singapore-flagged Dali crashes with such force into one of the span’s supercolumns, or piers, the result is the type of catastrophic, and heartbreaking, chain reaction that took place early Tuesday.

“If the column is destroyed, basically the structure will fall down,” said Dan Frangopol, a bridge engineering and risk professor at Lehigh University in Pennsylvania who is president of the International Association for Bridge Maintenance and Safety. “It’s not possible to redistribute the loads. It was not designed for these things.”

No bridge pier could withstand being hit by a ship the size of the Dali, said Benjamin W. Schafer, a professor of civil and systems engineering at Johns Hopkins University.

“These container ships are so huge,” Schafer said. “That main span has two supports. You can’t take one away.” He called the accident “a huge infrastructure failure,” but not because of the bridge collapse; he said the shipping industry needs systems to keep a ship on track when it loses power, as the Dali did before the collision.

The bridge itself, which carried more than 30,000 vehicles daily, appeared to be structurally sound. Its condition was rated fair, according to data in the 2023 National Bridge Inventory maintained by the Federal Highway Administration. Maryland state officials said they were focused on search-and-rescue operations and did not provide later inspection data. National Transportation Safety Board Chair Jennifer Homendy said excavating detailed inspection history information — and what was done in response to any earlier findings — will be a cumbersome and protracted part of the agency’s investigation.

But bridge safety and engineering experts are emphasizing a separate issue: protective barriers.

When the span opened to traffic in 1977, many ships were smaller and the standards for protecting bridges against them were lower, they said.

A few years later, a Liberian cargo ship crashed into a bridge in Florida , sending a Greyhound bus, a pickup truck and six cars into the Tampa Bay and killing 35 people, according to the NTSB. That deadly 1980 collision helped lead to the adoption of stronger national standards for bridges, including protection from errant ships, in the years that followed, safety experts said.

Sherif El-Tawil, a professor of civil and environmental engineering at University of Michigan with expertise in bridges, said if the Key Bridge had been built after those updated standards from the American Association of State Highway and Transportation Officials were put in place, the span could still be standing.

“I believe it would have survived,” El-Tawil said.

Maryland officials did not answer questions Tuesday about what protective devices were in place near the bridge and whether they were sufficient to withstand this type of collision.

Two examples of protective measures that did not appear to have been in place, El-Tawil said, were large fenders designed to direct marine traffic away from the bridge supports and an island built around the pier.

Some states are building these kinds of protection systems around vital bridges. Last year, officials from a joint New Jersey and Delaware bridge authority announced work on eight 80-foot-wide, stone-filled cylinders designed to protect the Delaware Memorial Bridge. The existing protection for the bridge tower piers dates to 1951. “Today’s tankers and ships are bigger and faster than those of the 1950s and 1960s,” the officials said in announcing the nearly $93 million project.

State departments of transportation “are aware of the shortcomings of these bridges,” said Roberto T. Leon, a bridge and structural engineering professor at Virginia Tech. “It’s not that they don’t know. It’s a matter of prioritizing the repairs. It is a very expensive proposition to protect a bridge.”

Ian Firth, a British structural engineer and bridge designer, said he was “not surprised” at how quickly the bridge came down after it was hit. He noted that the support structure that was struck, which would have been made of reinforced concrete, was one of two main supports responsible for doing “all the work” to hold up the bridge.

He said the ship appeared to have strayed to one side before striking the bridge.

The bridge collapse, like other calamities, is probably the result of overlapping low-probability failures, said Edward Tenner, a historian and expert on disasters — akin to what happens when, by chance, the holes in a stack of Swiss cheese slices line up perfectly.

“This might have been a case where there were just an unlikely series of failures,” said Tenner, author of “Why Things Bite Back,” a book about technology and its unanticipated consequences. But he added, “I suspect there was something about the equipment of a huge ship like that, given the potential for damage like this, there should have been more redundancy. There shouldn’t have been one point of failure that could lead to a catastrophe.”

Speaking Tuesday afternoon in Baltimore, U.S. Transportation Secretary Pete Buttigieg called the accident “a unique circumstance,” adding, “I do not know of a bridge that has been constructed to withstand a direct impact from a vessel of this size.”

The ship was towed into the Patapsco River initially, but the tugboats did not accompany the ship all the way to the bridge, said John Konrad, a retired ship captain who runs the gCaptain maritime news website and co-authored a book on the Deepwater Horizon oil spill .

“The safe thing to do is keep the tugs,” Konrad said. “Moving forward, I think that’s going to happen. The Coast Guard is going to say you’ve got to keep the tugs tied up until you pass the bridge.”

In video imagery, the ship can be seen losing electrical power, then briefly regaining it before going completely dark. The ship then veers to the right, directly toward the bridge’s structural support.

The rudder may have gotten stuck in a position that caused the ship to turn, said a senior retired maritime official, who spoke on the condition of anonymity while waiting for more details on the incident. It’s also possible that an incoming tide could have been a factor, he said.

“Obviously, they could not control the ship. They could not stop the ship,” he said.

A deficiency in the Dali’s systems was discovered when the ship was inspected in June, records show. Inspectors at the port of San Antonio, Chile, discovered a problem categorized as relating to “propulsion and auxiliary machinery,” according to the Tokyo MOU, an intergovernmental shipping regulator in the Asia-Pacific region. The issue was classified in the subcategory of “Gauges, thermometers, etc,” but no additional details of the deficiency were provided. The problem was not serious enough to warrant detaining the ship, according to the records.

After a follow-up inspection later the same day, the Dali was found to have no outstanding deficiencies, the records show, indicating that the problem was addressed.

Maryland Gov. Wes Moore (D) said at a news conference Tuesday that the Dali lost power and issued an emergency call for help shortly before the freighter crashed into the bridge. The “mayday” distress call allowed officials to halt vehicle traffic headed over the bridge and saved lives, Moore said.

Erin Cox, Tom Jackman, Jon Swaine, Joyce Lee and Mark Johnson contributed to this report.

An earlier version of this article misstated the title of Edward Tenner's book. It is "Why Things Bite Back." This version has been corrected.

Baltimore bridge collapse

How it happened: Baltimore’s Francis Scott Key Bridge collapsed after being hit by a cargo ship . The container ship lost power shortly before hitting the bridge, Maryland Gov. Wes Moore (D) said. Video shows the bridge collapse in under 40 seconds.

Victims: Divers have recovered the bodies of two construction workers , officials said. They were fathers, husbands and hard workers . A mayday call from the ship prompted first responders to shut down traffic on the four-lane bridge, saving lives.

Economic impact: The collapse of the bridge severed ocean links to the Port of Baltimore, which provides about 20,000 jobs to the area . See how the collapse will disrupt the supply of cars, coal and other goods .

Rebuilding: The bridge, built in the 1970s , will probably take years and cost hundreds of millions of dollars to rebuild , experts said.